Add hidden panes and a "show desktop" button to the pane list.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>

cmd-break-pane.c

@@ -65,13 +65,15 @@ cmd_break_pane_float(struct cmdq_item *item, struct args *args,
 		free(cause);
 		return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
 	}
-	layout_remove_tile(w, lc);
+	/* A hidden pane has already given up its space. */
+	if (~wp->flags & PANE_HIDDEN)
+		layout_remove_tile(w, lc);
 	layout_set_size(lc, fg->sx, fg->sy, fg->xoff, fg->yoff);
 
 	lc->flags |= LAYOUT_CELL_FLOATING;
 	window_raise_pane(wp);
 
-	if (!args_has(args, 'd'))
+	if (!args_has(args, 'd') && (~wp->flags & PANE_HIDDEN))
 		window_set_active_pane(w, wp, 1);
 	layout_fix_offsets(w);
 	layout_fix_panes(w, NULL);
@@ -149,6 +151,7 @@ cmd_break_pane_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 	window_lost_pane(w, wp);
 	layout_close_pane(wp);
 
+	wp->flags &= ~(PANE_HIDDEN|PANE_HIDDENALL);
 	w = wp->window = window_create(w->sx, w->sy, w->xpixel, w->ypixel);
 	window_add_ref(w, __func__);
 	options_set_parent(wp->options, w->options);

cmd-join-pane.c

@@ -429,7 +429,12 @@ cmd_join_pane_tile(struct cmdq_item *item, struct args *args, struct window *w,
 	lc->fg.xoff = lc->g.xoff;
 	lc->fg.yoff = lc->g.yoff;
 
-	if (layout_insert_tile(w, lc) != 0) {
+	if (wp->flags & PANE_HIDDEN) {
+		/* It takes its space when it is shown. */
+		if (lc->parent != NULL)
+			layout_set_size(lc, 0, 0, 0, 0);
+		lc->tg.sx = UINT_MAX;
+	} else if (layout_insert_tile(w, lc) != 0) {
 		cmdq_error(item, "no space for a new pane");
 		return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
 	}
@@ -440,7 +445,7 @@ cmd_join_pane_tile(struct cmdq_item *item, struct args *args, struct window *w,
 		TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&w->z_index, wp, zentry);
 	}
 
-	if (!args_has(args, 'd'))
+	if (!args_has(args, 'd') && (~wp->flags & PANE_HIDDEN))
 		window_set_active_pane(w, wp, 1);
 	layout_fix_offsets(w);
 	layout_fix_panes(w, NULL);
@@ -545,6 +550,7 @@ cmd_join_pane_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 	TAILQ_REMOVE(&src_w->z_index, src_wp, zentry);
 
 	src_wp->window = dst_w;
+	src_wp->flags &= ~(PANE_HIDDEN|PANE_HIDDENALL);
 	options_set_parent(src_wp->options, dst_w->options);
 	src_wp->flags |= (PANE_STYLECHANGED|PANE_THEMECHANGED);
 	if (flags & SPAWN_BEFORE)

cmd-resize-pane.c

@@ -41,8 +41,8 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_resize_pane_entry = {
 	.name = "resize-pane",
 	.alias = "resizep",
 
-	.args = { "aD::L::MR::Tt:U::x:y:Z", 0, 1, NULL },
-	.usage = "[-aMTZ] [-D lines] [-L columns] [-R columns] [-U lines] "
+	.args = { "aD::HL::MR::Tt:U::x:y:Z", 0, 1, NULL },
+	.usage = "[-aHMTZ] [-D lines] [-L columns] [-R columns] [-U lines] "
 		 "[-x width] [-y height] " CMD_TARGET_PANE_USAGE,
 
 	.target = { 't', CMD_FIND_PANE, 0 },
@@ -51,6 +51,35 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_resize_pane_entry = {
 	.exec = cmd_resize_pane_exec
 };
 
+/*
+ * Show the desktop: hide every pane above the layout, remembering which, or if
+ * any were hidden like that show just those again.
+ */
+static void
+cmd_resize_pane_desktop(struct window *w)
+{
+	struct window_pane	*wp;
+	int			 marked = 0;
+
+	TAILQ_FOREACH(wp, &w->panes, entry) {
+		if (wp->flags & PANE_HIDDENALL)
+			marked = 1;
+	}
+	TAILQ_FOREACH(wp, &w->panes, entry) {
+		if (marked) {
+			if (wp->flags & PANE_HIDDENALL)
+				window_show_pane(wp);
+			continue;
+		}
+		if (wp == w->modal || (wp->flags & PANE_HIDDEN))
+			continue;
+		if (!window_pane_is_raised(wp))
+			continue;
+		window_hide_pane(wp);
+		wp->flags |= PANE_HIDDENALL;
+	}
+}
+
 static enum cmd_retval
 cmd_resize_pane_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 {
@@ -83,6 +112,16 @@ cmd_resize_pane_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 	if (args_has(args, 'M'))
 		return (cmd_resize_pane_mouse_update(self, item));
 
+	if (args_has(args, 'H')) {
+		if (args_has(args, 'a'))
+			cmd_resize_pane_desktop(w);
+		else if (wp->flags & PANE_HIDDEN)
+			window_set_active_pane(w, wp, 1);
+		else
+			window_hide_pane(wp);
+		server_redraw_window(w);
+		return (CMD_RETURN_NORMAL);
+	}
 	if (args_has(args, 'Z')) {
 		if (args_has(args, 'a'))
 			window_unzoom(w, 1);
@@ -93,6 +132,8 @@ cmd_resize_pane_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 		server_redraw_window(w);
 		return (CMD_RETURN_NORMAL);
 	}
+	if ((wp->flags & PANE_HIDDEN) && !window_pane_is_floating(wp))
+		window_show_pane(wp);
 	if (wp->flags & PANE_ZOOMED)
 		window_unzoom_pane(wp, 1);
 

cmd-select-pane.c

@@ -264,7 +264,7 @@ cmd_select_pane_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 		return (CMD_RETURN_NORMAL);
 	}
 
-	if (wp == w->active)
+	if (wp == w->active && (~wp->flags & PANE_HIDDEN))
 		return (CMD_RETURN_NORMAL);
 	if (w->modal != NULL && wp != w->modal)
 		visible = 1;

cmd-split-window.c

@@ -101,6 +101,8 @@ cmd_split_window_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 	else {
 		is_floating = window_pane_is_floating(wp);
 		flags |= SPAWN_SPLIT;
+		if (!is_floating && (wp->flags & PANE_HIDDEN))
+			window_show_pane(wp);
 	}
 
 	if (args_has(args, 'O')) {

cmd-swap-pane.c

@@ -75,7 +75,8 @@ cmd_swap_pane_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 	struct window_pane	*tmp_wp, *src_wp, *dst_wp;
 	struct layout_cell	*src_lc, *dst_lc;
 	u_int			 sx, sy, xoff, yoff;
-	int			 src_idx, dst_idx, src_zoomed, dst_zoomed;
+	int			 src_idx, dst_idx, flags;
+	int			 src_zoomed, dst_zoomed;
 
 	dst_w = target->wl->window;
 	dst_wp = target->wp;
@@ -119,7 +120,7 @@ cmd_swap_pane_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 
 	src_zoomed = (args_has(args, 'Z') && (src_w->flags & WINDOW_ZOOMED));
 
-	if (src_wp == dst_wp)
+	if (src_wp == NULL || src_wp == dst_wp)
 		goto out;
 
 	server_client_remove_pane(src_wp);
@@ -145,11 +146,11 @@ cmd_swap_pane_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 	else
 		TAILQ_INSERT_AFTER(&dst_w->z_index, tmp_wp, src_wp, zentry);
 
-	/* Zoom belongs to the position in the window, like the cell. */
-	if ((src_wp->flags ^ dst_wp->flags) & PANE_ZOOMED) {
-		src_wp->flags ^= PANE_ZOOMED;
-		dst_wp->flags ^= PANE_ZOOMED;
-	}
+	/* Zoom and being hidden belong to the position, like the cell. */
+	flags = (src_wp->flags ^ dst_wp->flags) &
+	    (PANE_ZOOMED|PANE_HIDDEN|PANE_HIDDENALL);
+	src_wp->flags ^= flags;
+	dst_wp->flags ^= flags;
 
 	src_lc = src_wp->layout_cell;
 	dst_lc = dst_wp->layout_cell;

format.c

@@ -1110,6 +1110,20 @@ format_cb_pane_floating_flag(struct format_tree *ft)
 	return (NULL);
 }
 
+/* Callback for pane_hidden_flag. */
+static void *
+format_cb_pane_hidden_flag(struct format_tree *ft)
+{
+	struct window_pane	*wp = ft->wp;
+
+	if (wp != NULL) {
+		if (wp->flags & PANE_HIDDEN)
+			return (xstrdup("1"));
+		return (xstrdup("0"));
+	}
+	return (NULL);
+}
+
 /* Callback for pane_modal_flag. */
 static void *
 format_cb_pane_modal_flag(struct format_tree *ft)
@@ -3831,6 +3845,9 @@ static const struct format_table_entry format_table[] = {
 	{ "pane_height", FORMAT_TABLE_STRING,
 	  format_cb_pane_height
 	},
+	{ "pane_hidden_flag", FORMAT_TABLE_STRING,
+	  format_cb_pane_hidden_flag
+	},
 	{ "pane_id", FORMAT_TABLE_STRING,
 	  format_cb_pane_id
 	},

key-bindings.c

@@ -80,6 +80,7 @@
 	" 'Respawn' 'R' {respawn-pane -k}" \
 	" '#{?pane_marked,Unmark,Mark}' 'm' {select-pane -m}" \
 	" '#{?#{>:#{window_panes},1},,-}#{?pane_zoomed_flag,Unzoom,Zoom}' 'z' {resize-pane -Z}" \
+	" 'Hide' 'H' {resize-pane -H}" \
 	" '#{?#{||:#{pane_floating_flag},#{pane_zoomed_flag}},Bring To Front,}' 'F' {move-pane -P front}"
 #define DEFAULT_MOVE_MENU \
 	" 'Centre' 'c' {move-pane -P centre}" \
@@ -397,6 +398,7 @@ key_bindings_init(void)
 		"bind -N 'Kill current window' & { confirm-before -p\"kill-window #W? (y/n)\" kill-window }",
 		"bind -N 'Prompt for window index to select' \"'\" { command-prompt -pindex { select-window -t ':%%' } }",
 		"bind -N 'New floating pane' * { new-pane }",
+		"bind -N 'Hide pane' _ { resize-pane -H }",
 		"bind -N 'Toggle pane between floating and tiled' @ { if -F '#{pane_floating_flag}' { join-pane } { break-pane -W } }",
 		"bind -N 'Switch to previous client' ( { switch-client -p }",
 		"bind -N 'Switch to next client' ) { switch-client -n }",
@@ -531,7 +533,7 @@ key_bindings_init(void)
 		"bind -n M-MouseDrag1Border { move-pane -M }",
 
 		/* Mouse button 1 down on status line. */
-		"bind -n MouseDown1Status { switch-client -t= }",
+		"bind -n MouseDown1Status { if -F '#{==:#{mouse_status_range},desktop}' { resize-pane -a -H } { if -Ft= '#{&&:#{==:#{mouse_status_range},pane},#{&&:#{pane_active},#{!:#{pane_hidden_flag}}}}' { resize-pane -H -t= } { switch-client -t= } } }",
 		"bind -n C-MouseDown1Status { swap-window -t@ }",
 
 		/* Mouse button 1 down on default pane-border-format */

layout-custom.c

@@ -75,6 +75,7 @@ struct layout_parse_cell_ctx {
 	int			 index;
 	int			 zindex;
 	int			 zoomed;
+	int			 hidden;
 };
 
 /* Layout parse context. */
@@ -221,7 +222,7 @@ layout_parse_free_ctx(struct layout_parse_ctx *pctx)
 /* Add a cell context to the parse context. */
 static void
 layout_parse_add_cctx(struct layout_parse_ctx *pctx, struct layout_cell *lc,
-    int active, int last, int index, int zindex, int zoomed)
+    int active, int last, int index, int zindex, int zoomed, int hidden)
 {
 	struct layout_parse_cell_ctx	*cctx;
 
@@ -238,6 +239,7 @@ layout_parse_add_cctx(struct layout_parse_ctx *pctx, struct layout_cell *lc,
 	cctx->index = index;
 	cctx->zindex = zindex;
 	cctx->zoomed = zoomed;
+	cctx->hidden = hidden;
 }
 
 /* Remove a cell context from the parse context. Does not preserve ordering. */
@@ -429,6 +431,8 @@ layout_append_v2(struct layout_cell *lc, struct layout_string *ls)
 		layout_string_write(ls, ",\"i\":%u", i);
 		if (wp->flags & PANE_ZOOMED)
 			layout_string_write(ls, ",\"Z\":true");
+		if (wp->flags & PANE_HIDDEN)
+			layout_string_write(ls, ",\"H\":true");
 		if (lc->flags & LAYOUT_CELL_FLOATING) {
 			z = layout_cell_zindex(lc);
 			layout_string_write(ls, ",\"z\":%u", z);
@@ -481,18 +485,23 @@ layout_append_v1(struct layout_cell *lc, struct layout_string *ls)
 }
 
 /*
- * Copies the tiled part of a layout. Only populates what is necessary to dump a
- * V1 layout string.
+ * Copies the part of a layout that is shown, which leaves out hidden tiled
+ * panes and, unless asked to keep them, floating panes. Only populates what is
+ * necessary to dump a layout string.
  */
 static struct layout_cell *
-layout_custom_copy_layout(struct layout_cell *lc)
+layout_custom_copy_layout(struct layout_cell *lc, int keep_floating)
 {
 	struct layout_cell	*lcchild, *lcnewchild, *lconly;
 	struct layout_cell	*lcnew;
 
-	if (lc->type == LAYOUT_WINDOWPANE &&
-	    (lc->flags & LAYOUT_CELL_FLOATING))
-		return (NULL);
+	if (lc->type == LAYOUT_WINDOWPANE) {
+		if (lc->flags & LAYOUT_CELL_FLOATING) {
+			if (!keep_floating)
+				return (NULL);
+		} else if (lc->wp != NULL && (lc->wp->flags & PANE_HIDDEN))
+			return (NULL);
+	}
 
 	lcnew = layout_create_cell(NULL);
 
@@ -508,7 +517,8 @@ layout_custom_copy_layout(struct layout_cell *lc)
 	case LAYOUT_TOPBOTTOM:
 	case LAYOUT_LEFTRIGHT:
 		TAILQ_FOREACH(lcchild, &lc->cells, entry) {
-			lcnewchild = layout_custom_copy_layout(lcchild);
+			lcnewchild = layout_custom_copy_layout(lcchild,
+			    keep_floating);
 			if (lcnewchild == NULL)
 				continue;
 			TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&lcnew->cells, lcnewchild, entry);
@@ -534,11 +544,11 @@ layout_custom_copy_layout(struct layout_cell *lc)
 
 /* Create a compatibility layout for dumping a V1 layout string. */
 static struct layout_cell *
-layout_custom_create_compat(struct layout_cell *lcroot)
+layout_custom_create_compat(struct layout_cell *lcroot, int keep_floating)
 {
 	struct layout_cell	*lccompat;
 
-	lccompat = layout_custom_copy_layout(lcroot);
+	lccompat = layout_custom_copy_layout(lcroot, keep_floating);
 	if (lccompat != NULL && layout_cell_is_tiled(lccompat)) {
 		lccompat->g.xoff = 0;
 		lccompat->g.yoff = 0;
@@ -586,11 +596,18 @@ layout_append(struct layout_cell *lcroot, struct layout_string *ls, int flags)
 		if (!layout_cell_is_tiled(lcroot) &&
 		    !layout_cell_has_tiled_child(lcroot))
 			return (-1);
-		lccompat = layout_custom_create_compat(lcroot);
+		lccompat = layout_custom_create_compat(lcroot, 0);
 		result = layout_append_v1(lccompat, ls);
 		layout_custom_free_compat(lccompat);
-	} else
-		result = layout_append_v2(lcroot, ls);
+	} else {
+		lccompat = layout_custom_create_compat(lcroot, 1);
+		if (lccompat == NULL)
+			result = layout_append_v2(lcroot, ls);
+		else {
+			result = layout_append_v2(lccompat, ls);
+			layout_custom_free_compat(lccompat);
+		}
+	}
 
 	return (result);
 }
@@ -743,6 +760,12 @@ layout_parse(struct window *w, const char *input, char **cause)
 		}
 	}
 
+	/* Hidden tiled panes are in the new layout like the rest. */
+	TAILQ_FOREACH(wp, &w->panes, entry) {
+		if (!window_pane_is_floating(wp))
+			wp->flags &= ~(PANE_HIDDEN|PANE_HIDDENALL);
+	}
+
 	/* Destroy the old layout and swap to the new. */
 	layout_free_cell(w->layout_root, 0);
 	w->layout_root = lc;
@@ -1018,7 +1041,7 @@ layout_parse_json_layout(struct json_node *node, struct layout_cell *lcparent,
 	int64_t			  num;
 	char			**cause = pctx->cause;
 	int			  boolean, index, zindex, active = -1;
-	int			  last = -1, zoomed = 0;
+	int			  last = -1, zoomed, hidden;
 
 	if (json_find_string(node, "t", &str, cause) != 0)
 		goto fail;
@@ -1108,14 +1131,20 @@ layout_parse_json_layout(struct json_node *node, struct layout_cell *lcparent,
 		} else
 			zindex = INT_MAX;
 
+		zoomed = hidden = 0;
 		if (json_find(node, "Z") != NULL) {
 			if (json_find_boolean(node, "Z", &boolean, cause) != 0)
 				goto fail;
 			zoomed = boolean;
 		}
+		if (json_find(node, "H") != NULL) {
+			if (json_find_boolean(node, "H", &boolean, cause) != 0)
+				goto fail;
+			hidden = boolean;
+		}
 
 		layout_parse_add_cctx(pctx, lc, active, last, index, zindex,
-		    zoomed);
+		    zoomed, hidden);
 	} else {
 		if (json_find_array(node, "c", &array, cause) != 0)
 			goto fail;
@@ -1225,11 +1254,18 @@ layout_parse_apply_ctx(struct window *w, struct layout_parse_ctx *pctx)
 			TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(&w->z_index, wp, zentry);
 	}
 
-	/* Zoom panes. */
+	/* Zoom and hide panes. */
 	for (i = 0; i < pctx->size; i++) {
 		cctx = &pctx->cctxs[i];
+		wp = cctx->lc->wp;
 		if (cctx->zoomed)
-			window_zoom(cctx->lc->wp);
+			window_zoom(wp);
+	}
+	for (i = 0; i < pctx->size; i++) {
+		cctx = &pctx->cctxs[i];
+		wp = cctx->lc->wp;
+		if (cctx->hidden && window_pane_is_floating(wp))
+			window_hide_pane(wp);
 	}
 
 	/* Set the active pane. */

layout.c

@@ -79,6 +79,7 @@ layout_create_cell(struct layout_cell *lcparent)
 
 	layout_geometry_init(&lc->g);
 	layout_geometry_init(&lc->fg);
+	layout_geometry_init(&lc->tg);
 
 	return (lc);
 }
@@ -238,8 +239,9 @@ layout_cell_is_tiled(struct layout_cell *lc)
 {
 	int	is_leaf = lc->type == LAYOUT_WINDOWPANE;
 	int	is_floating = lc->flags & LAYOUT_CELL_FLOATING;
+	int	is_hidden = lc->wp != NULL && (lc->wp->flags & PANE_HIDDEN);
 
-	return is_leaf && !is_floating;
+	return is_leaf && !is_floating && !is_hidden;
 }
 
 int
@@ -499,6 +501,8 @@ layout_fix_panes(struct window *w, struct window_pane *skip)
 	TAILQ_FOREACH(wp, &w->panes, entry) {
 		if (wp->layout_cell == NULL || wp == skip)
 			continue;
+		if (wp->flags & PANE_HIDDEN)
+			continue;
 
 		old_xoff = wp->xoff;
 		old_yoff = wp->yoff;

options-table.c

@@ -209,7 +209,10 @@ static const char *options_table_copy_mode_line_numbers_list[] = {
 		"#{T:window-pane-current-status-format}" \
 		"#[pop-default]" \
 		"#[norange list=on default] " \
-	"}"
+	"}" \
+	"#[nolist align=right range=user|desktop]" \
+	"[_]" \
+	"#[norange default]"
 #define OPTIONS_TABLE_STATUS_FORMAT3 \
 	"#[align=left]#{R: ,#{n:#{session_name}}}S: " \
 	"#[norange default]" \

tmux.1

@@ -364,6 +364,8 @@ Choose the current window interactively.
 Kill the current pane.
 .It z
 Toggle zoom state of the current pane.
+.It _
+Hide the current pane.
 .It Tab
 Choose a new window and session by fuzzy matching.
 .It {
@@ -2794,7 +2796,7 @@ If
 .Fl d
 is given, the active pane is not changed.
 The pane must not already be floating.
-A zoomed pane stays zoomed.
+A hidden or zoomed pane stays hidden or zoomed.
 .Tg capturep
 .It Xo Ic capture\-pane
 .Op Fl aeFHILpPRqCJMN
@@ -3836,7 +3838,7 @@ if specified, to
 .Ar new\-name .
 .Tg resizep
 .It Xo Ic resize\-pane
-.Op Fl aMTZ
+.Op Fl aHMTZ
 .Op Fl D Ar lines
 .Op Fl L Ar columns
 .Op Fl R Ar columns
@@ -3893,6 +3895,19 @@ with
 .Fl Z
 unzooms every pane in the window.
 .Pp
+.Fl H
+hides the target pane, or shows it if it is hidden.
+A hidden pane is not shown, cannot be selected with the mouse and is skipped
+when moving to the next or previous pane, but it is otherwise unchanged: a
+hidden tiled pane gives its space to a neighbour and takes it back when shown,
+and a pane that is zoomed or floating is still zoomed or floating when shown.
+Selecting a hidden pane shows it.
+.Fl a
+with
+.Fl H
+hides every floating or zoomed pane in the window, or, if any were hidden in
+this way, shows just those again.
+.Pp
 .Fl M
 begins mouse resizing (only valid if bound to a mouse key binding, see
 .Sx MOUSE SUPPORT ) .
@@ -6058,8 +6073,9 @@ also raises zoomed panes and
 .Ic off
 raises none.
 A floating or zoomed pane that is covered by a zoomed pane is always raised
-when it is made active; a tiled pane that is covered unzooms every pane
-instead.
+when it is made active, and a hidden pane is shown; a tiled pane that is
+covered hides the zoomed panes instead, as the desktop does, so that the tiled
+panes are shown, and the desktop shows them again.
 Moving the mouse onto a pane with
 .Ic focus\-follows\-mouse
 makes it active without raising it, so
@@ -7445,6 +7461,7 @@ The following variables are available, where appropriate:
 .It Li "pane_floating_flag" Ta "" Ta "1 if pane is floating"
 .It Li "pane_format" Ta "" Ta "1 if format is for a pane"
 .It Li "pane_height" Ta "" Ta "Height of pane"
+.It Li "pane_hidden_flag" Ta "" Ta "1 if pane is hidden"
 .It Li "pane_id" Ta "#D" Ta "Unique pane ID"
 .It Li "pane_in_mode" Ta "" Ta "Number of modes pane is in"
 .It Li "pane_index" Ta "#P" Ta "Index of pane"

tmux.h

@@ -1348,6 +1348,8 @@ struct window_pane {
 #define PANE_CAPTUREALLKEYS 0x100000
 #define PANE_FLOATOVERZOOM 0x200000
 #define PANE_CLOSEONCANCEL 0x400000
+#define PANE_HIDDEN 0x800000
+#define PANE_HIDDENALL 0x1000000
 
 	bitstr_t	*sync_dirty;
 	u_int		 sync_dirty_size;
@@ -1593,6 +1595,7 @@ struct layout_cell {
 
 	struct layout_geometry	 g;
 	struct layout_geometry	 fg; /* saved floating pane */
+	struct layout_geometry	 tg; /* saved tiled pane, when hidden */
 
 	struct window_pane	*wp;
 	struct layout_cells	 cells;
@@ -3721,6 +3724,8 @@ struct window_pane *window_add_pane(struct window *, struct window_pane *,
 		     u_int, int);
 void		 window_resize(struct window *, u_int, u_int, int, int);
 void		 window_pane_send_resize(struct window_pane *, u_int, u_int);
+void		 window_hide_pane(struct window_pane *);
+int		 window_show_pane(struct window_pane *);
 void		 window_raise_pane(struct window_pane *);
 void		 window_lower_pane(struct window_pane *);
 int		 window_zoom(struct window_pane *);

window.c

@@ -677,7 +677,7 @@ window_pane_floating_overlaps(struct window_pane *fwp, struct window_pane *wp)
 	int	fxoff, fyoff, xoff, yoff, border = 0;
 	u_int	fsx, fsy, sx, sy;
 
-	if (!window_pane_is_raised(fwp))
+	if (!window_pane_is_raised(fwp) || !window_pane_is_visible(fwp))
 		return (0);
 
 	window_pane_full_size_offset(fwp, &fxoff, &fyoff, &fsx, &fsy);
@@ -763,10 +763,12 @@ window_activate_pane(struct window *w, struct window_pane *wp, int notify,
 
 	log_debug("%s: pane %%%u", __func__, wp->id);
 
-	if (wp == w->active)
-		return (0);
 	if (w->modal != NULL && wp != w->modal)
 		return (0);
+	if (wp->flags & PANE_HIDDEN)
+		window_show_pane(wp);
+	if (wp == w->active)
+		return (0);
 	if (!window_pane_is_visible(wp)) {
 		/*
 		 * The pane is covered by a zoomed pane. A tiled pane that is
@@ -1012,6 +1014,82 @@ window_raise_pane(struct window_pane *wp)
 	redraw_invalidate_scene(w);
 }
 
+/*
+ * Hide a pane. It keeps its place in the layout and in the stacking order and
+ * stays zoomed or floating, so showing it again puts it back as it was.
+ */
+void
+window_hide_pane(struct window_pane *wp)
+{
+	struct window		*w = wp->window;
+	struct layout_cell	*lc = wp->layout_cell;
+	struct window_pane	*wp1;
+
+	if ((wp->flags & PANE_HIDDEN) || wp == w->modal || lc == NULL)
+		return;
+
+	/* A tiled pane gives its space to a neighbour. */
+	if (layout_cell_is_tiled(lc)) {
+		memcpy(&lc->tg, &lc->g, sizeof lc->tg);
+		layout_remove_tile(w, lc);
+	}
+	wp->flags |= PANE_HIDDEN;
+	layout_fix_offsets(w);
+	layout_fix_panes(w, NULL);
+
+	/* Move the focus to the last used pane or the top one that is seen. */
+	if (wp == w->active) {
+		TAILQ_FOREACH(wp1, &w->last_panes, sentry) {
+			if (wp1 != wp && window_pane_is_visible(wp1))
+				break;
+		}
+		if (wp1 == NULL) {
+			TAILQ_FOREACH(wp1, &w->z_index, zentry) {
+				if (wp1 != wp && window_pane_is_visible(wp1))
+					break;
+			}
+		}
+		if (wp1 != NULL)
+			window_set_active_pane(w, wp1, 1);
+	}
+
+	events_fire_window("window-layout-changed", w);
+	redraw_invalidate_scene(w);
+	server_redraw_window(w);
+}
+
+/* Show a hidden pane. Returns -1 if a tiled pane has no room. */
+int
+window_show_pane(struct window_pane *wp)
+{
+	struct window		*w = wp->window;
+	struct layout_cell	*lc = wp->layout_cell;
+	int			 tiled;
+
+	if (~wp->flags & PANE_HIDDEN)
+		return (0);
+
+	tiled = (lc != NULL && !window_pane_is_floating(wp));
+	if (tiled && layout_insert_tile(w, lc) != 0)
+		return (-1);
+	wp->flags &= ~(PANE_HIDDEN|PANE_HIDDENALL);
+
+	/* Try to get back the size the pane had. */
+	if (tiled && lc->parent != NULL && lc->tg.sx != UINT_MAX) {
+		if (lc->parent->type == LAYOUT_LEFTRIGHT)
+			layout_resize_pane_to(wp, lc->parent->type, lc->tg.sx);
+		else
+			layout_resize_pane_to(wp, lc->parent->type, lc->tg.sy);
+	}
+	layout_fix_offsets(w);
+	layout_fix_panes(w, NULL);
+
+	events_fire_window("window-layout-changed", w);
+	redraw_invalidate_scene(w);
+	server_redraw_window(w);
+	return (0);
+}
+
 /* Move a pane to the back of the panes it is stacked with. */
 void
 window_lower_pane(struct window_pane *wp)
@@ -1150,7 +1228,7 @@ window_zoomed_pane(struct window *w)
 	if (~w->flags & WINDOW_ZOOMED)
 		return (NULL);
 	TAILQ_FOREACH(wp, &w->z_index, zentry) {
-		if (wp->flags & PANE_ZOOMED)
+		if ((wp->flags & PANE_ZOOMED) && (~wp->flags & PANE_HIDDEN))
 			return (wp);
 	}
 	return (NULL);
@@ -1296,9 +1374,14 @@ window_pane_at_index(struct window *w, u_int idx)
 struct window_pane *
 window_pane_next_by_number(struct window *w, struct window_pane *wp, u_int n)
 {
+	struct window_pane	*start;
+
 	for (; n > 0; n--) {
-		if ((wp = TAILQ_NEXT(wp, entry)) == NULL)
-			wp = TAILQ_FIRST(&w->panes);
+		start = wp;
+		do {
+			if ((wp = TAILQ_NEXT(wp, entry)) == NULL)
+				wp = TAILQ_FIRST(&w->panes);
+		} while ((wp->flags & PANE_HIDDEN) && wp != start);
 	}
 
 	return (wp);
@@ -1308,9 +1391,15 @@ struct window_pane *
 window_pane_previous_by_number(struct window *w, struct window_pane *wp,
     u_int n)
 {
+	struct window_pane	*start;
+
 	for (; n > 0; n--) {
-		if ((wp = TAILQ_PREV(wp, window_panes, entry)) == NULL)
-			wp = TAILQ_LAST(&w->panes, window_panes);
+		start = wp;
+		do {
+			wp = TAILQ_PREV(wp, window_panes, entry);
+			if (wp == NULL)
+				wp = TAILQ_LAST(&w->panes, window_panes);
+		} while ((wp->flags & PANE_HIDDEN) && wp != start);
 	}
 
 	return (wp);
@@ -1375,7 +1464,10 @@ window_count_panes(struct window *w, int with_floating)
 	u_int			 n = 0;
 
 	TAILQ_FOREACH(wp, &w->panes, entry) {
-		if (with_floating || !window_pane_is_floating(wp))
+		if (with_floating)
+			n++;
+		else if (!window_pane_is_floating(wp) &&
+		    (~wp->flags & PANE_HIDDEN))
 			n++;
 	}
 	return (n);
@@ -1444,6 +1536,8 @@ window_pane_printable_flags(struct window_pane *wp)
 		flags[pos++] = 'Z';
 	if (window_pane_is_floating(wp))
 		flags[pos++] = 'F';
+	if (wp->flags & PANE_HIDDEN)
+		flags[pos++] = 'H';
 	if (wp->flags & PANE_FLOATOVERZOOM)
 		flags[pos++] = 'A';
 	if (wp == w->modal)
@@ -2155,6 +2249,8 @@ window_pane_is_visible(struct window_pane *wp)
 	struct window		*w = wp->window;
 	struct window_pane	*wp1;
 
+	if (wp->flags & PANE_HIDDEN)
+		return (0);
 	if (~w->flags & WINDOW_ZOOMED)
 		return (1);
 
@@ -2162,7 +2258,7 @@ window_pane_is_visible(struct window_pane *wp)
 	TAILQ_FOREACH(wp1, &w->z_index, zentry) {
 		if (wp1 == wp)
 			return (1);
-		if (wp1->flags & PANE_ZOOMED)
+		if ((wp1->flags & PANE_ZOOMED) && (~wp1->flags & PANE_HIDDEN))
 			return (0);
 	}
 	return (1);