mirror of https://github.com/tmux/tmux.git
New FAQ.
Nicholas Marriott
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tmux frequently asked questions
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* What is tmux? How is it different from GNU screen?
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...
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* I found a bug! What do I do?
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Please send bug reports by email to nicm@users.sourceforge.net. Please
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include as much of the following information as possible:
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- the version of tmux you are running;
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- the operating system you are using and its version;
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- the terminal emulator you are using and the TERM setting when tmux was
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started;
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- a description of the problem;
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- if the problem is repeatable, the steps to repeat the problem;
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- for screen corruption issues, a screenshot and the output of "infocmp $TERM"
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from outside tmux are often very useful.
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* Why doesn't tmux do $x?
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Please send feature requests by email to nicm@users.sourceforge.net.
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* tmux freezes my terminal when I attach to a session. I even have to kill -9
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the shell it was started from to recover!
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Some consoles really really don't like attempts to set the window title. Tell
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tmux not to do this by turning off the "set-titles" option:
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set -g set-titles off
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If this doesn't fix it, send a bug report.
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* Why is C-b the prefix key? How do I change it?
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The default key is C-b because the prototype of tmux was originally developed
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inside screen and C-b was chosen not to interfere with the screen meta key. It
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also has the advantage of not interfering with the use of C-a for start-of-line
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in emacs and the shell.
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Changing is simple: change the "prefix-key" option, and - if required - move
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the binding of the "send-prefix" command from C-b (C-b C-b sends C-b by
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default) to the new key. For example:
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set -g prefix C-a
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unbind C-b
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bind C-a send-prefix
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* How do I use UTF-8?
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When running tmux in a UTF-8 capable terminal, two things must be done to
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enable support. UTF-8 may be turned on separately for each tmux window or
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globally by setting the "utf8" flag:
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setw -g utf8 on
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And, as it is not possible to automatically detect that a terminal is UTF-8
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capable, tmux must be told by passing the -u flag when creating or
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attaching a client to a tmux session:
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$ tmux -u new
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* How do I use a 256 colour terminal?
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tmux will attempt to detect a 256 colour terminal both by looking at the Co
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termcap entry and, as this is broken on some platforms for some terminals such
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as xterm-256color, by looking for the string "256col" in the termcap name.
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If both these methods failed, the -2 flag may be passed to tmux when attaching
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to a session to indicate the terminal supports 256 colours.
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* vim or $otherprogram doesn't display 256 colours. What's up?
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Some programs attempt to detect the number of colours a terminal is capable of
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by checking the Co termcap entry. However, this is not reliable, and in any
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case is missing from the "screen" termcap used inside tmux.
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There are three options to allow programs to recognise they are running on
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a 256-colour terminal inside tmux:
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- Manually force the application to use 256 colours always or if TERM is set to
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screen. For vim, you can do this by overriding the t_Co option, see
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http://vim.wikia.com/wiki/256_colors_in_vim.
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- If the platform includes it, using the "screen-256color" termcap (set
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TERM=screen-256color). "infocmp screen-256color" can be used to check if this
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is supported. It is not currently possible to set this globally inside tmux
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but it may be done in a shell startup script by checking if TERM is screen
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and exporting TERM=screen-256color instead.
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- Creating a custom terminfo file that includes Co#256 in ~/.terminfo and using
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it instead. These may be compiled with with tic(1).
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* How do I make Ctrl-PgUp and Ctrl-PgDn work in vim?
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tmux supports passing through ctrl (and where supported by the client terminal,
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alt and shift) modifiers to function keys using xterm(1)-style key sequences.
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This may be enabled per window, or globally with the tmux command:
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setw -g xterm-keys on
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Because the TERM variable inside tmux must be set to "screen", vim will not
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automatically detect these keys are available; however, the appropriate key
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sequences can be overridden in .vimrc using the following:
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if &term == "screen"
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set t_kN=^[[6;*~
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set t_kP=^[[5;*~
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endif
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And similarly for any other keys for which modifiers are desired.
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Please note that the "xterm-keys" setting may affect other programs; for
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example most shells do not expect to receive xterm(1)-style key sequences so
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this setting may prevent keys such as ctrl-left and ctrl-right working
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correctly. tmux also passes through the ctrl (bit 5 set, for example ^[[5~ to
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^[[5^) modifier in non-xterm(1) mode; it may be possible to configure vim to
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accept these, an example of how to do so would be welcome.
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* Why doesn't elinks set the window title inside tmux?
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There isn't a way to detect if a terminal supports setting the window title, so
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elinks attempts to guess by looking at the environment. Rather than looking for
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TERM=screen, it uses the STY variable to detect if it is running in screen;
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tmux does not use this so the check fails. A workaround is to set STY before
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running elinks.
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The following shell function does this, and also clears the window title on
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exit (elinks, for some strange reason, sets it to the value of TERM):
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elinks() {
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STY= `which elinks` "$*"
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echo -ne \\033]0\;\\007;
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}
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