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65748fb197
Add -C -N -T flags to find-window to find in content, name, title. From Jonathan Daugherty.
3363 lines
81 KiB
Groff
3363 lines
81 KiB
Groff
.\" $Id$
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.\"
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.\" Copyright (c) 2007 Nicholas Marriott <nicm@users.sourceforge.net>
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.\"
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.\" Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
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.\" purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
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.\" copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
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.\"
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.\" THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
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.\" WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
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.\" MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
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.\" ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
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.\" WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF MIND, USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER
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.\" IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING
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.\" OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
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.\"
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.Dd $Mdocdate: December 4 2011 $
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.Dt TMUX 1
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm tmux
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.Nd terminal multiplexer
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.Nm tmux
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.Bk -words
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.Op Fl 28lquvV
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.Op Fl c Ar shell-command
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.Op Fl f Ar file
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.Op Fl L Ar socket-name
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.Op Fl S Ar socket-path
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.Op Ar command Op Ar flags
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.Ek
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|
.Sh DESCRIPTION
|
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.Nm
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|
is a terminal multiplexer:
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|
it enables a number of terminals to be created, accessed, and
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controlled from a single screen.
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.Nm
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|
may be detached from a screen
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|
and continue running in the background,
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|
then later reattached.
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.Pp
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When
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.Nm
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is started it creates a new
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.Em session
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with a single
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.Em window
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and displays it on screen.
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A status line at the bottom of the screen
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|
shows information on the current session
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|
and is used to enter interactive commands.
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.Pp
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A session is a single collection of
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.Em pseudo terminals
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under the management of
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.Nm .
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Each session has one or more
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windows linked to it.
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A window occupies the entire screen
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|
and may be split into rectangular panes,
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each of which is a separate pseudo terminal
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|
(the
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.Xr pty 4
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|
manual page documents the technical details of pseudo terminals).
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|
Any number of
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.Nm
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|
instances may connect to the same session,
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and any number of windows may be present in the same session.
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|
Once all sessions are killed,
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.Nm
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|
exits.
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.Pp
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|
Each session is persistent and will survive accidental disconnection
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(such as
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.Xr ssh 1
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|
connection timeout) or intentional detaching (with the
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.Ql C-b d
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|
key strokes).
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.Nm
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|
may be reattached using:
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.Pp
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.Dl $ tmux attach
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.Pp
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|
In
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.Nm ,
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a session is displayed on screen by a
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.Em client
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|
and all sessions are managed by a single
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.Em server .
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The server and each client are separate processes which communicate through a
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socket in
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.Pa /tmp .
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.Pp
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The options are as follows:
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.Bl -tag -width "XXXXXXXXXXXX"
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.It Fl 2
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Force
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.Nm
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to assume the terminal supports 256 colours.
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.It Fl 8
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Like
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.Fl 2 ,
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but indicates that the terminal supports 88 colours.
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.It Fl c Ar shell-command
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Execute
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.Ar shell-command
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using the default shell.
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If necessary, the
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.Nm
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|
server will be started to retrieve the
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.Ic default-shell
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option.
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This option is for compatibility with
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.Xr sh 1
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when
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.Nm
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is used as a login shell.
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.It Fl f Ar file
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Specify an alternative configuration file.
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|
By default,
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.Nm
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|
loads the system configuration file from
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.Pa /etc/tmux.conf ,
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|
if present, then looks for a user configuration file at
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.Pa ~/.tmux.conf .
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|
The configuration file is a set of
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.Nm
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|
commands which are executed in sequence when the server is first started.
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.Pp
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If a command in the configuration file fails,
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.Nm
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will report an error and exit without executing further commands.
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.It Fl L Ar socket-name
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.Nm
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stores the server socket in a directory under
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.Pa /tmp
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(or
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.Ev TMPDIR
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if set);
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the default socket is named
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.Em default .
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This option allows a different socket name to be specified, allowing several
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independent
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.Nm
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servers to be run.
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|
Unlike
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.Fl S
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a full path is not necessary: the sockets are all created in the same
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directory.
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.Pp
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If the socket is accidentally removed, the
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.Dv SIGUSR1
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signal may be sent to the
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.Nm
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server process to recreate it.
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.It Fl l
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Behave as a login shell.
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|
This flag currently has no effect and is for compatibility with other shells
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when using tmux as a login shell.
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.It Fl q
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Set the
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.Ic quiet
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server option to prevent the server sending various informational messages.
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.It Fl S Ar socket-path
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Specify a full alternative path to the server socket.
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If
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.Fl S
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is specified, the default socket directory is not used and any
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.Fl L
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flag is ignored.
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.It Fl u
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.Nm
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attempts to guess if the terminal is likely to support UTF-8 by checking the
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first of the
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.Ev LC_ALL ,
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.Ev LC_CTYPE
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and
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.Ev LANG
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environment variables to be set for the string "UTF-8".
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This is not always correct: the
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.Fl u
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flag explicitly informs
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.Nm
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that UTF-8 is supported.
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.Pp
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If the server is started from a client passed
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.Fl u
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or where UTF-8 is detected, the
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.Ic utf8
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and
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.Ic status-utf8
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options are enabled in the global window and session options respectively.
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.It Fl v
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Request verbose logging.
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This option may be specified multiple times for increasing verbosity.
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Log messages will be saved into
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.Pa tmux-client-PID.log
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and
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.Pa tmux-server-PID.log
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files in the current directory, where
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.Em PID
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is the PID of the server or client process.
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.It Fl V
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Report the
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.Nm
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version.
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.It Ar command Op Ar flags
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This specifies one of a set of commands used to control
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.Nm ,
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as described in the following sections.
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If no commands are specified, the
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.Ic new-session
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command is assumed.
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.El
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.Sh KEY BINDINGS
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.Nm
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may be controlled from an attached client by using a key combination of a
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prefix key,
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.Ql C-b
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(Ctrl-b) by default, followed by a command key.
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.Pp
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The default command key bindings are:
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.Pp
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.Bl -tag -width "XXXXXXXXXX" -offset indent -compact
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.It C-b
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Send the prefix key (C-b) through to the application.
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.It C-o
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Rotate the panes in the current window forwards.
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.It C-z
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Suspend the
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.Nm
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client.
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.It !
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Break the current pane out of the window.
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.It \&"
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Split the current pane into two, top and bottom.
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.It #
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List all paste buffers.
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.It $
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Rename the current session.
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.It %
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Split the current pane into two, left and right.
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.It &
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Kill the current window.
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.It '
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Prompt for a window index to select.
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.It ,
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Rename the current window.
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.It -
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Delete the most recently copied buffer of text.
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.It .
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Prompt for an index to move the current window.
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.It 0 to 9
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Select windows 0 to 9.
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.It :
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Enter the
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.Nm
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|
command prompt.
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.It ;
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Move to the previously active pane.
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.It =
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Choose which buffer to paste interactively from a list.
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.It \&?
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List all key bindings.
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.It D
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Choose a client to detach.
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.It \&[
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Enter copy mode to copy text or view the history.
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.It \&]
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Paste the most recently copied buffer of text.
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.It c
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Create a new window.
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.It d
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Detach the current client.
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.It f
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Prompt to search for text in open windows.
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.It i
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Display some information about the current window.
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.It l
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Move to the previously selected window.
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.It n
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|
Change to the next window.
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.It o
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|
Select the next pane in the current window.
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.It p
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Change to the previous window.
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.It q
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Briefly display pane indexes.
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.It r
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Force redraw of the attached client.
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.It s
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Select a new session for the attached client interactively.
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.It L
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Switch the attached client back to the last session.
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.It t
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Show the time.
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.It w
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Choose the current window interactively.
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.It x
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Kill the current pane.
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.It {
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|
Swap the current pane with the previous pane.
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.It }
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Swap the current pane with the next pane.
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.It ~
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Show previous messages from
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.Nm ,
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if any.
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|
.It Page Up
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Enter copy mode and scroll one page up.
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|
.It Up, Down
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.It Left, Right
|
|
Change to the pane above, below, to the left, or to the right of the current
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|
pane.
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|
.It M-1 to M-5
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Arrange panes in one of the five preset layouts: even-horizontal,
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even-vertical, main-horizontal, main-vertical, or tiled.
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.It M-n
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Move to the next window with a bell or activity marker.
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.It M-o
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Rotate the panes in the current window backwards.
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.It M-p
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Move to the previous window with a bell or activity marker.
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.It C-Up, C-Down
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.It C-Left, C-Right
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Resize the current pane in steps of one cell.
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|
.It M-Up, M-Down
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.It M-Left, M-Right
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Resize the current pane in steps of five cells.
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|
.El
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.Pp
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|
Key bindings may be changed with the
|
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.Ic bind-key
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and
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|
.Ic unbind-key
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commands.
|
|
.Sh COMMANDS
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This section contains a list of the commands supported by
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.Nm .
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Most commands accept the optional
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.Fl t
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argument with one of
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.Ar target-client ,
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|
.Ar target-session
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.Ar target-window ,
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|
or
|
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.Ar target-pane .
|
|
These specify the client, session, window or pane which a command should affect.
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.Ar target-client
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is the name of the
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.Xr pty 4
|
|
file to which the client is connected, for example either of
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.Pa /dev/ttyp1
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|
or
|
|
.Pa ttyp1
|
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for the client attached to
|
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.Pa /dev/ttyp1 .
|
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If no client is specified, the current client is chosen, if possible, or an
|
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error is reported.
|
|
Clients may be listed with the
|
|
.Ic list-clients
|
|
command.
|
|
.Pp
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.Ar target-session
|
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is either the name of a session (as listed by the
|
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.Ic list-sessions
|
|
command) or the name of a client with the same syntax as
|
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.Ar target-client ,
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in which case the session attached to the client is used.
|
|
When looking for the session name,
|
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.Nm
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initially searches for an exact match; if none is found, the session names
|
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are checked for any for which
|
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.Ar target-session
|
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is a prefix or for which it matches as an
|
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.Xr fnmatch 3
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pattern.
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If a single match is found, it is used as the target session; multiple matches
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produce an error.
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If a session is omitted, the current session is used if available; if no
|
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current session is available, the most recently used is chosen.
|
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.Pp
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.Ar target-window
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specifies a window in the form
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.Em session Ns \&: Ns Em window .
|
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.Em session
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follows the same rules as for
|
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.Ar target-session ,
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and
|
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.Em window
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is looked for in order: as a window index, for example mysession:1;
|
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as a window ID, such as @1;
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as an exact window name, such as mysession:mywindow; then as an
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|
.Xr fnmatch 3
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pattern or the start of a window name, such as mysession:mywin* or
|
|
mysession:mywin.
|
|
An empty window name specifies the next unused index if appropriate (for
|
|
example the
|
|
.Ic new-window
|
|
and
|
|
.Ic link-window
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|
commands)
|
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otherwise the current window in
|
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.Em session
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is chosen.
|
|
The special character
|
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.Ql \&!
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|
uses the last (previously current) window, or
|
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.Ql +
|
|
and
|
|
.Ql -
|
|
are the next window or the previous window by number.
|
|
When the argument does not contain a colon,
|
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.Nm
|
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first attempts to parse it as window; if that fails, an attempt is made to
|
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match a session.
|
|
.Pp
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.Ar target-pane
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|
takes a similar form to
|
|
.Ar target-window
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|
but with the optional addition of a period followed by a pane index, for
|
|
example: mysession:mywindow.1.
|
|
If the pane index is omitted, the currently active pane in the specified
|
|
window is used.
|
|
If neither a colon nor period appears,
|
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.Nm
|
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first attempts to use the argument as a pane index; if that fails, it is looked
|
|
up as for
|
|
.Ar target-window .
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|
A
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|
.Ql +
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|
or
|
|
.Ql -
|
|
indicate the next or previous pane index, respectively.
|
|
One of the strings
|
|
.Em top ,
|
|
.Em bottom ,
|
|
.Em left ,
|
|
.Em right ,
|
|
.Em top-left ,
|
|
.Em top-right ,
|
|
.Em bottom-left
|
|
or
|
|
.Em bottom-right
|
|
may be used instead of a pane index.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The special characters
|
|
.Ql +
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|
and
|
|
.Ql -
|
|
may be followed by an offset, for example:
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
|
select-window -t:+2
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Pp
|
|
When dealing with a session that doesn't contain sequential window indexes,
|
|
they will be correctly skipped.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Nm
|
|
also gives each pane created in a server an identifier consisting of a
|
|
.Ql %
|
|
and a number, starting from zero.
|
|
A pane's identifier is unique for the life of the
|
|
.Nm
|
|
server and is passed to the child process of the pane in the
|
|
.Ev TMUX_PANE
|
|
environment variable.
|
|
It may be used alone to target a pane or the window containing it.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Ar shell-command
|
|
arguments are
|
|
.Xr sh 1
|
|
commands.
|
|
These must be passed as a single item, which typically means quoting them, for
|
|
example:
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
|
new-window 'vi /etc/passwd'
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Ar command
|
|
.Op Ar arguments
|
|
refers to a
|
|
.Nm
|
|
command, passed with the command and arguments separately, for example:
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
|
bind-key F1 set-window-option force-width 81
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Or if using
|
|
.Xr sh 1 :
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
|
$ tmux bind-key F1 set-window-option force-width 81
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Multiple commands may be specified together as part of a
|
|
.Em command sequence .
|
|
Each command should be separated by spaces and a semicolon;
|
|
commands are executed sequentially from left to right and
|
|
lines ending with a backslash continue on to the next line.
|
|
A literal semicolon may be included by escaping it with a backslash (for
|
|
example, when specifying a command sequence to
|
|
.Ic bind-key ) .
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Example
|
|
.Nm
|
|
commands include:
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
|
refresh-client -t/dev/ttyp2
|
|
|
|
rename-session -tfirst newname
|
|
|
|
set-window-option -t:0 monitor-activity on
|
|
|
|
new-window ; split-window -d
|
|
|
|
bind-key R source-file ~/.tmux.conf \e; \e
|
|
display-message "source-file done"
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Or from
|
|
.Xr sh 1 :
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
|
$ tmux kill-window -t :1
|
|
|
|
$ tmux new-window \e; split-window -d
|
|
|
|
$ tmux new-session -d 'vi /etc/passwd' \e; split-window -d \e; attach
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Sh CLIENTS AND SESSIONS
|
|
The
|
|
.Nm
|
|
server manages clients, sessions, windows and panes.
|
|
Clients are attached to sessions to interact with them, either
|
|
when they are created with the
|
|
.Ic new-session
|
|
command, or later with the
|
|
.Ic attach-session
|
|
command.
|
|
Each session has one or more windows
|
|
.Em linked
|
|
into it.
|
|
Windows may be linked to multiple sessions and are made up of one or
|
|
more panes,
|
|
each of which contains a pseudo terminal.
|
|
Commands for creating, linking and otherwise manipulating windows
|
|
are covered
|
|
in the
|
|
.Sx WINDOWS AND PANES
|
|
section.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The following commands are available to manage clients and sessions:
|
|
.Bl -tag -width Ds
|
|
.It Xo Ic attach-session
|
|
.Op Fl dr
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar target-session
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic attach )
|
|
If run from outside
|
|
.Nm ,
|
|
create a new client in the current terminal and attach it to
|
|
.Ar target-session .
|
|
If used from inside, switch the current client.
|
|
If
|
|
.Fl d
|
|
is specified, any other clients attached to the session are detached.
|
|
.Fl r
|
|
signifies the client is read-only (only keys bound to the
|
|
.Ic detach-client
|
|
or
|
|
.Ic switch-client
|
|
commands have any effect)
|
|
.Pp
|
|
If no server is started,
|
|
.Ic attach-session
|
|
will attempt to start it; this will fail unless sessions are created in the
|
|
configuration file.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The
|
|
.Ar target-session
|
|
rules for
|
|
.Ic attach-session
|
|
are slightly adjusted: if
|
|
.Nm
|
|
needs to select the most recently used session, it will prefer the most
|
|
recently used
|
|
.Em unattached
|
|
session.
|
|
.It Xo Ic detach-client
|
|
.Op Fl P
|
|
.Op Fl s Ar target-session
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar target-client
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic detach )
|
|
Detach the current client if bound to a key, the client specified with
|
|
.Fl t ,
|
|
or all clients currently attached to the session specified by
|
|
.Fl s .
|
|
If
|
|
.Fl P
|
|
is given, send SIGHUP to the parent process of the client, typically causing it
|
|
to exit.
|
|
.It Ic has-session Op Fl t Ar target-session
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic has )
|
|
Report an error and exit with 1 if the specified session does not exist.
|
|
If it does exist, exit with 0.
|
|
.It Ic kill-server
|
|
Kill the
|
|
.Nm
|
|
server and clients and destroy all sessions.
|
|
.It Ic kill-session Op Fl t Ar target-session
|
|
Destroy the given session, closing any windows linked to it and no other
|
|
sessions, and detaching all clients attached to it.
|
|
.It Xo Ic list-clients
|
|
.Op Fl F Ar format
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar target-session
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic lsc )
|
|
List all clients attached to the server.
|
|
For the meaning of the
|
|
.Fl F
|
|
flag, see the
|
|
.Sx FORMATS
|
|
section.
|
|
If
|
|
.Ar target-session
|
|
is specified, list only clients connected to that session.
|
|
.It Ic list-commands
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic lscm )
|
|
List the syntax of all commands supported by
|
|
.Nm .
|
|
.It Ic list-sessions Op Fl F Ar format
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic ls )
|
|
List all sessions managed by the server.
|
|
For the meaning of the
|
|
.Fl F
|
|
flag, see the
|
|
.Sx FORMATS
|
|
section.
|
|
.It Ic lock-client Op Fl t Ar target-client
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic lockc )
|
|
Lock
|
|
.Ar target-client ,
|
|
see the
|
|
.Ic lock-server
|
|
command.
|
|
.It Ic lock-session Op Fl t Ar target-session
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic locks )
|
|
Lock all clients attached to
|
|
.Ar target-session .
|
|
.It Xo Ic new-session
|
|
.Op Fl d
|
|
.Op Fl n Ar window-name
|
|
.Op Fl s Ar session-name
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar target-session
|
|
.Op Fl x Ar width
|
|
.Op Fl y Ar height
|
|
.Op Ar shell-command
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic new )
|
|
Create a new session with name
|
|
.Ar session-name .
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The new session is attached to the current terminal unless
|
|
.Fl d
|
|
is given.
|
|
.Ar window-name
|
|
and
|
|
.Ar shell-command
|
|
are the name of and shell command to execute in the initial window.
|
|
If
|
|
.Fl d
|
|
is used,
|
|
.Fl x
|
|
and
|
|
.Fl y
|
|
specify the size of the initial window (80 by 24 if not given).
|
|
.Pp
|
|
If run from a terminal, any
|
|
.Xr termios 4
|
|
special characters are saved and used for new windows in the new session.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
If
|
|
.Fl t
|
|
is given, the new session is
|
|
.Em grouped
|
|
with
|
|
.Ar target-session .
|
|
This means they share the same set of windows - all windows from
|
|
.Ar target-session
|
|
are linked to the new session and any subsequent new windows or windows being
|
|
closed are applied to both sessions.
|
|
The current and previous window and any session options remain independent and
|
|
either session may be killed without affecting the other.
|
|
Giving
|
|
.Fl n
|
|
or
|
|
.Ar shell-command
|
|
are invalid if
|
|
.Fl t
|
|
is used.
|
|
.It Xo Ic refresh-client
|
|
.Op Fl S
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar target-client
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic refresh )
|
|
Refresh the current client if bound to a key, or a single client if one is given
|
|
with
|
|
.Fl t .
|
|
If
|
|
.Fl S
|
|
is specified, only update the client's status bar.
|
|
.It Xo Ic rename-session
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar target-session
|
|
.Ar new-name
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic rename )
|
|
Rename the session to
|
|
.Ar new-name .
|
|
.It Xo Ic show-messages
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar target-client
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic showmsgs )
|
|
Any messages displayed on the status line are saved in a per-client message
|
|
log, up to a maximum of the limit set by the
|
|
.Ar message-limit
|
|
session option for the session attached to that client.
|
|
This command displays the log for
|
|
.Ar target-client .
|
|
.It Ic source-file Ar path
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic source )
|
|
Execute commands from
|
|
.Ar path .
|
|
.It Ic start-server
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic start )
|
|
Start the
|
|
.Nm
|
|
server, if not already running, without creating any sessions.
|
|
.It Xo Ic suspend-client
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar target-client
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic suspendc )
|
|
Suspend a client by sending
|
|
.Dv SIGTSTP
|
|
(tty stop).
|
|
.It Xo Ic switch-client
|
|
.Op Fl lnpr
|
|
.Op Fl c Ar target-client
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar target-session
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic switchc )
|
|
Switch the current session for client
|
|
.Ar target-client
|
|
to
|
|
.Ar target-session .
|
|
If
|
|
.Fl l ,
|
|
.Fl n
|
|
or
|
|
.Fl p
|
|
is used, the client is moved to the last, next or previous session
|
|
respectively.
|
|
.Fl r
|
|
toggles whether a client is read-only (see the
|
|
.Ic attach-session
|
|
command).
|
|
.El
|
|
.Sh WINDOWS AND PANES
|
|
A
|
|
.Nm
|
|
window may be in one of several modes.
|
|
The default permits direct access to the terminal attached to the window.
|
|
The other is copy mode, which permits a section of a window or its
|
|
history to be copied to a
|
|
.Em paste buffer
|
|
for later insertion into another window.
|
|
This mode is entered with the
|
|
.Ic copy-mode
|
|
command, bound to
|
|
.Ql \&[
|
|
by default.
|
|
It is also entered when a command that produces output, such as
|
|
.Ic list-keys ,
|
|
is executed from a key binding.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The keys available depend on whether emacs or vi mode is selected
|
|
(see the
|
|
.Ic mode-keys
|
|
option).
|
|
The following keys are supported as appropriate for the mode:
|
|
.Bl -column "FunctionXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX" "viXXXXXXXXXX" "emacs" -offset indent
|
|
.It Sy "Function" Ta Sy "vi" Ta Sy "emacs"
|
|
.It Li "Back to indentation" Ta "^" Ta "M-m"
|
|
.It Li "Bottom of history" Ta "G" Ta "M-<"
|
|
.It Li "Clear selection" Ta "Escape" Ta "C-g"
|
|
.It Li "Copy selection" Ta "Enter" Ta "M-w"
|
|
.It Li "Cursor down" Ta "j" Ta "Down"
|
|
.It Li "Cursor left" Ta "h" Ta "Left"
|
|
.It Li "Cursor right" Ta "l" Ta "Right"
|
|
.It Li "Cursor to bottom line" Ta "L" Ta ""
|
|
.It Li "Cursor to middle line" Ta "M" Ta "M-r"
|
|
.It Li "Cursor to top line" Ta "H" Ta "M-R"
|
|
.It Li "Cursor up" Ta "k" Ta "Up"
|
|
.It Li "Delete entire line" Ta "d" Ta "C-u"
|
|
.It Li "Delete/Copy to end of line" Ta "D" Ta "C-k"
|
|
.It Li "End of line" Ta "$" Ta "C-e"
|
|
.It Li "Go to line" Ta ":" Ta "g"
|
|
.It Li "Half page down" Ta "C-d" Ta "M-Down"
|
|
.It Li "Half page up" Ta "C-u" Ta "M-Up"
|
|
.It Li "Jump forward" Ta "f" Ta "f"
|
|
.It Li "Jump to forward" Ta "t" Ta ""
|
|
.It Li "Jump backward" Ta "F" Ta "F"
|
|
.It Li "Jump to backward" Ta "T" Ta ""
|
|
.It Li "Jump again" Ta ";" Ta ";"
|
|
.It Li "Jump again in reverse" Ta "," Ta ","
|
|
.It Li "Next page" Ta "C-f" Ta "Page down"
|
|
.It Li "Next space" Ta "W" Ta ""
|
|
.It Li "Next space, end of word" Ta "E" Ta ""
|
|
.It Li "Next word" Ta "w" Ta ""
|
|
.It Li "Next word end" Ta "e" Ta "M-f"
|
|
.It Li "Paste buffer" Ta "p" Ta "C-y"
|
|
.It Li "Previous page" Ta "C-b" Ta "Page up"
|
|
.It Li "Previous word" Ta "b" Ta "M-b"
|
|
.It Li "Previous space" Ta "B" Ta ""
|
|
.It Li "Quit mode" Ta "q" Ta "Escape"
|
|
.It Li "Rectangle toggle" Ta "v" Ta "R"
|
|
.It Li "Scroll down" Ta "C-Down or C-e" Ta "C-Down"
|
|
.It Li "Scroll up" Ta "C-Up or C-y" Ta "C-Up"
|
|
.It Li "Search again" Ta "n" Ta "n"
|
|
.It Li "Search again in reverse" Ta "N" Ta "N"
|
|
.It Li "Search backward" Ta "?" Ta "C-r"
|
|
.It Li "Search forward" Ta "/" Ta "C-s"
|
|
.It Li "Start of line" Ta "0" Ta "C-a"
|
|
.It Li "Start selection" Ta "Space" Ta "C-Space"
|
|
.It Li "Top of history" Ta "g" Ta "M->"
|
|
.It Li "Transpose chars" Ta "" Ta "C-t"
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The next and previous word keys use space and the
|
|
.Ql - ,
|
|
.Ql _
|
|
and
|
|
.Ql @
|
|
characters as word delimiters by default, but this can be adjusted by
|
|
setting the
|
|
.Em word-separators
|
|
session option.
|
|
Next word moves to the start of the next word, next word end to the end of the
|
|
next word and previous word to the start of the previous word.
|
|
The three next and previous space keys work similarly but use a space alone as
|
|
the word separator.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The jump commands enable quick movement within a line.
|
|
For instance, typing
|
|
.Ql f
|
|
followed by
|
|
.Ql /
|
|
will move the cursor to the next
|
|
.Ql /
|
|
character on the current line.
|
|
A
|
|
.Ql \&;
|
|
will then jump to the next occurrence.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Commands in copy mode may be prefaced by an optional repeat count.
|
|
With vi key bindings, a prefix is entered using the number keys; with
|
|
emacs, the Alt (meta) key and a number begins prefix entry.
|
|
For example, to move the cursor forward by ten words, use
|
|
.Ql M-1 0 M-f
|
|
in emacs mode, and
|
|
.Ql 10w
|
|
in vi.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
When copying the selection, the repeat count indicates the buffer index to
|
|
replace, if used.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Mode key bindings are defined in a set of named tables:
|
|
.Em vi-edit
|
|
and
|
|
.Em emacs-edit
|
|
for keys used when line editing at the command prompt;
|
|
.Em vi-choice
|
|
and
|
|
.Em emacs-choice
|
|
for keys used when choosing from lists (such as produced by the
|
|
.Ic choose-window
|
|
command); and
|
|
.Em vi-copy
|
|
and
|
|
.Em emacs-copy
|
|
used in copy mode.
|
|
The tables may be viewed with the
|
|
.Ic list-keys
|
|
command and keys modified or removed with
|
|
.Ic bind-key
|
|
and
|
|
.Ic unbind-key .
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The paste buffer key pastes the first line from the top paste buffer on the
|
|
stack.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The synopsis for the
|
|
.Ic copy-mode
|
|
command is:
|
|
.Bl -tag -width Ds
|
|
.It Xo Ic copy-mode
|
|
.Op Fl u
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar target-pane
|
|
.Xc
|
|
Enter copy mode.
|
|
The
|
|
.Fl u
|
|
option scrolls one page up.
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Each window displayed by
|
|
.Nm
|
|
may be split into one or more
|
|
.Em panes ;
|
|
each pane takes up a certain area of the display and is a separate terminal.
|
|
A window may be split into panes using the
|
|
.Ic split-window
|
|
command.
|
|
Windows may be split horizontally (with the
|
|
.Fl h
|
|
flag) or vertically.
|
|
Panes may be resized with the
|
|
.Ic resize-pane
|
|
command (bound to
|
|
.Ql C-up ,
|
|
.Ql C-down
|
|
.Ql C-left
|
|
and
|
|
.Ql C-right
|
|
by default), the current pane may be changed with the
|
|
.Ic select-pane
|
|
command and the
|
|
.Ic rotate-window
|
|
and
|
|
.Ic swap-pane
|
|
commands may be used to swap panes without changing their position.
|
|
Panes are numbered beginning from zero in the order they are created.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
A number of preset
|
|
.Em layouts
|
|
are available.
|
|
These may be selected with the
|
|
.Ic select-layout
|
|
command or cycled with
|
|
.Ic next-layout
|
|
(bound to
|
|
.Ql Space
|
|
by default); once a layout is chosen, panes within it may be moved and resized
|
|
as normal.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The following layouts are supported:
|
|
.Bl -tag -width Ds
|
|
.It Ic even-horizontal
|
|
Panes are spread out evenly from left to right across the window.
|
|
.It Ic even-vertical
|
|
Panes are spread evenly from top to bottom.
|
|
.It Ic main-horizontal
|
|
A large (main) pane is shown at the top of the window and the remaining panes
|
|
are spread from left to right in the leftover space at the bottom.
|
|
Use the
|
|
.Em main-pane-height
|
|
window option to specify the height of the top pane.
|
|
.It Ic main-vertical
|
|
Similar to
|
|
.Ic main-horizontal
|
|
but the large pane is placed on the left and the others spread from top to
|
|
bottom along the right.
|
|
See the
|
|
.Em main-pane-width
|
|
window option.
|
|
.It Ic tiled
|
|
Panes are spread out as evenly as possible over the window in both rows and
|
|
columns.
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
In addition,
|
|
.Ic select-layout
|
|
may be used to apply a previously used layout - the
|
|
.Ic list-windows
|
|
command displays the layout of each window in a form suitable for use with
|
|
.Ic select-layout .
|
|
For example:
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
|
$ tmux list-windows
|
|
0: ksh [159x48]
|
|
layout: bb62,159x48,0,0{79x48,0,0,79x48,80,0}
|
|
$ tmux select-layout bb62,159x48,0,0{79x48,0,0,79x48,80,0}
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Nm
|
|
automatically adjusts the size of the layout for the current window size.
|
|
Note that a layout cannot be applied to a window with more panes than that
|
|
from which the layout was originally defined.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Commands related to windows and panes are as follows:
|
|
.Bl -tag -width Ds
|
|
.It Xo Ic break-pane
|
|
.Op Fl dP
|
|
.Op Fl F Ar format
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar target-pane
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic breakp )
|
|
Break
|
|
.Ar target-pane
|
|
off from its containing window to make it the only pane in a new window.
|
|
If
|
|
.Fl d
|
|
is given, the new window does not become the current window.
|
|
The
|
|
.Fl P
|
|
option prints information about the new window after it has been created.
|
|
By default, it uses the format
|
|
.Ql #{session_name}:#{window_index}
|
|
but a different format may be specified with
|
|
.Fl F .
|
|
.It Xo Ic capture-pane
|
|
.Op Fl b Ar buffer-index
|
|
.Op Fl E Ar end-line
|
|
.Op Fl S Ar start-line
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar target-pane
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic capturep )
|
|
Capture the contents of a pane to the specified buffer, or a new buffer if none
|
|
is specified.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Fl S
|
|
and
|
|
.Fl E
|
|
specify the starting and ending line numbers, zero is the first line of the
|
|
visible pane and negative numbers are lines in the history.
|
|
The default is to capture only the visible contents of the pane.
|
|
.It Xo
|
|
.Ic choose-client
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar target-window
|
|
.Op Ar template
|
|
.Xc
|
|
Put a window into client choice mode, allowing a client to be selected
|
|
interactively from a list.
|
|
After a client is chosen,
|
|
.Ql %%
|
|
is replaced by the client
|
|
.Xr pty 4
|
|
path in
|
|
.Ar template
|
|
and the result executed as a command.
|
|
If
|
|
.Ar template
|
|
is not given, "detach-client -t '%%'" is used.
|
|
This command works only from inside
|
|
.Nm .
|
|
.It Xo
|
|
.Ic choose-session
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar target-window
|
|
.Op Ar template
|
|
.Xc
|
|
Put a window into session choice mode, where a session may be selected
|
|
interactively from a list.
|
|
When one is chosen,
|
|
.Ql %%
|
|
is replaced by the session name in
|
|
.Ar template
|
|
and the result executed as a command.
|
|
If
|
|
.Ar template
|
|
is not given, "switch-client -t '%%'" is used.
|
|
This command works only from inside
|
|
.Nm .
|
|
.It Xo
|
|
.Ic choose-window
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar target-window
|
|
.Op Ar template
|
|
.Xc
|
|
Put a window into window choice mode, where a window may be chosen
|
|
interactively from a list.
|
|
After a window is selected,
|
|
.Ql %%
|
|
is replaced by the session name and window index in
|
|
.Ar template
|
|
and the result executed as a command.
|
|
If
|
|
.Ar template
|
|
is not given, "select-window -t '%%'" is used.
|
|
This command works only from inside
|
|
.Nm .
|
|
.It Ic display-panes Op Fl t Ar target-client
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic displayp)
|
|
Display a visible indicator of each pane shown by
|
|
.Ar target-client .
|
|
See the
|
|
.Ic display-panes-time ,
|
|
.Ic display-panes-colour ,
|
|
and
|
|
.Ic display-panes-active-colour
|
|
session options.
|
|
While the indicator is on screen, a pane may be selected with the
|
|
.Ql 0
|
|
to
|
|
.Ql 9
|
|
keys.
|
|
.It Xo Ic find-window
|
|
.Op Fl CNT
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar target-window
|
|
.Ar match-string
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic findw )
|
|
Search for the
|
|
.Xr fnmatch 3
|
|
pattern
|
|
.Ar match-string
|
|
in window names, titles, and visible content (but not history).
|
|
The flags control matching behavior:
|
|
.Fl C
|
|
matches only visible window contents,
|
|
.Fl N
|
|
matches only the window name and
|
|
.Fl T
|
|
matches only the window title.
|
|
The default is
|
|
.Fl CNT .
|
|
If only one window is matched, it'll be automatically selected,
|
|
otherwise a choice list is shown.
|
|
This command only works from inside
|
|
.Nm .
|
|
.It Xo Ic join-pane
|
|
.Op Fl bdhv
|
|
.Oo Fl l
|
|
.Ar size |
|
|
.Fl p Ar percentage Oc
|
|
.Op Fl s Ar src-pane
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar dst-pane
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic joinp )
|
|
Like
|
|
.Ic split-window ,
|
|
but instead of splitting
|
|
.Ar dst-pane
|
|
and creating a new pane, split it and move
|
|
.Ar src-pane
|
|
into the space.
|
|
This can be used to reverse
|
|
.Ic break-pane .
|
|
The
|
|
.Fl b
|
|
option causes
|
|
.Ar src-pane
|
|
to be joined to left of or above
|
|
.Ar dst-pane .
|
|
.It Xo Ic kill-pane
|
|
.Op Fl a
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar target-pane
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic killp )
|
|
Destroy the given pane.
|
|
If no panes remain in the containing window, it is also destroyed.
|
|
The
|
|
.Fl a
|
|
option kills all but the pane given with
|
|
.Fl t .
|
|
.It Ic kill-window Op Fl t Ar target-window
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic killw )
|
|
Kill the current window or the window at
|
|
.Ar target-window ,
|
|
removing it from any sessions to which it is linked.
|
|
.It Ic last-pane Op Fl t Ar target-window
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic lastp )
|
|
Select the last (previously selected) pane.
|
|
.It Ic last-window Op Fl t Ar target-session
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic last )
|
|
Select the last (previously selected) window.
|
|
If no
|
|
.Ar target-session
|
|
is specified, select the last window of the current session.
|
|
.It Xo Ic link-window
|
|
.Op Fl dk
|
|
.Op Fl s Ar src-window
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar dst-window
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic linkw )
|
|
Link the window at
|
|
.Ar src-window
|
|
to the specified
|
|
.Ar dst-window .
|
|
If
|
|
.Ar dst-window
|
|
is specified and no such window exists, the
|
|
.Ar src-window
|
|
is linked there.
|
|
If
|
|
.Fl k
|
|
is given and
|
|
.Ar dst-window
|
|
exists, it is killed, otherwise an error is generated.
|
|
If
|
|
.Fl d
|
|
is given, the newly linked window is not selected.
|
|
.It Xo Ic list-panes
|
|
.Op Fl as
|
|
.Op Fl F Ar format
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar target
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic lsp )
|
|
If
|
|
.Fl a
|
|
is given,
|
|
.Ar target
|
|
is ignored and all panes on the server are listed.
|
|
If
|
|
.Fl s
|
|
is given,
|
|
.Ar target
|
|
is a session (or the current session).
|
|
If neither is given,
|
|
.Ar target
|
|
is a window (or the current window).
|
|
For the meaning of the
|
|
.Fl F
|
|
flag, see the
|
|
.Sx FORMATS
|
|
section.
|
|
.It Xo Ic list-windows
|
|
.Op Fl a
|
|
.Op Fl F Ar format
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar target-session
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic lsw )
|
|
If
|
|
.Fl a
|
|
is given, list all windows on the server.
|
|
Otherwise, list windows in the current session or in
|
|
.Ar target-session .
|
|
For the meaning of the
|
|
.Fl F
|
|
flag, see the
|
|
.Sx FORMATS
|
|
section.
|
|
.It Xo Ic move-pane
|
|
.Op Fl bdhv
|
|
.Oo Fl l
|
|
.Ar size |
|
|
.Fl p Ar percentage Oc
|
|
.Op Fl s Ar src-pane
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar dst-pane
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic movep )
|
|
Like
|
|
.Ic join-pane ,
|
|
but
|
|
.Ar src-pane
|
|
and
|
|
.Ar dst-pane
|
|
may belong to the same window.
|
|
.It Xo Ic move-window
|
|
.Op Fl dk
|
|
.Op Fl s Ar src-window
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar dst-window
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic movew )
|
|
This is similar to
|
|
.Ic link-window ,
|
|
except the window at
|
|
.Ar src-window
|
|
is moved to
|
|
.Ar dst-window .
|
|
.It Xo Ic new-window
|
|
.Op Fl adkP
|
|
.Op Fl c Ar start-directory
|
|
.Op Fl n Ar window-name
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar target-window
|
|
.Op Fl F Ar format
|
|
.Op Ar shell-command
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic neww )
|
|
Create a new window.
|
|
With
|
|
.Fl a ,
|
|
the new window is inserted at the next index up from the specified
|
|
.Ar target-window ,
|
|
moving windows up if necessary,
|
|
otherwise
|
|
.Ar target-window
|
|
is the new window location.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
If
|
|
.Fl d
|
|
is given, the session does not make the new window the current window.
|
|
.Ar target-window
|
|
represents the window to be created; if the target already exists an error is
|
|
shown, unless the
|
|
.Fl k
|
|
flag is used, in which case it is destroyed.
|
|
.Ar shell-command
|
|
is the command to execute.
|
|
If
|
|
.Ar shell-command
|
|
is not specified, the value of the
|
|
.Ic default-command
|
|
option is used.
|
|
.Fl c
|
|
specifies the working directory in which the new window is created.
|
|
It may have an absolute path or one of the following values (or a subdirectory):
|
|
.Bl -column "XXXXXXXXXXXX" "XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX" -offset indent
|
|
.It Li "Empty string" Ta "Current pane's directory"
|
|
.It Li "~" Ta "User's home directory"
|
|
.It Li "-" Ta "Where session was started"
|
|
.It Li "." Ta "Where server was started"
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
When the shell command completes, the window closes.
|
|
See the
|
|
.Ic remain-on-exit
|
|
option to change this behaviour.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The
|
|
.Ev TERM
|
|
environment variable must be set to
|
|
.Dq screen
|
|
for all programs running
|
|
.Em inside
|
|
.Nm .
|
|
New windows will automatically have
|
|
.Dq TERM=screen
|
|
added to their environment, but care must be taken not to reset this in shell
|
|
start-up files.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The
|
|
.Fl P
|
|
option prints information about the new window after it has been created.
|
|
By default, it uses the format
|
|
.Ql #{session_name}:#{window_index}
|
|
but a different format may be specified with
|
|
.Fl F .
|
|
.It Ic next-layout Op Fl t Ar target-window
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic nextl )
|
|
Move a window to the next layout and rearrange the panes to fit.
|
|
.It Xo Ic next-window
|
|
.Op Fl a
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar target-session
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic next )
|
|
Move to the next window in the session.
|
|
If
|
|
.Fl a
|
|
is used, move to the next window with a bell, activity or content alert.
|
|
.It Xo Ic pipe-pane
|
|
.Op Fl o
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar target-pane
|
|
.Op Ar shell-command
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic pipep )
|
|
Pipe any output sent by the program in
|
|
.Ar target-pane
|
|
to a shell command.
|
|
A pane may only be piped to one command at a time, any existing pipe is
|
|
closed before
|
|
.Ar shell-command
|
|
is executed.
|
|
The
|
|
.Ar shell-command
|
|
string may contain the special character sequences supported by the
|
|
.Ic status-left
|
|
option.
|
|
If no
|
|
.Ar shell-command
|
|
is given, the current pipe (if any) is closed.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The
|
|
.Fl o
|
|
option only opens a new pipe if no previous pipe exists, allowing a pipe to
|
|
be toggled with a single key, for example:
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
|
bind-key C-p pipe-pane -o 'cat >>~/output.#I-#P'
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.It Xo Ic previous-layout
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar target-window
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic prevl )
|
|
Move to the previous layout in the session.
|
|
.It Xo Ic previous-window
|
|
.Op Fl a
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar target-session
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic prev )
|
|
Move to the previous window in the session.
|
|
With
|
|
.Fl a ,
|
|
move to the previous window with a bell, activity or content alert.
|
|
.It Xo Ic rename-window
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar target-window
|
|
.Ar new-name
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic renamew )
|
|
Rename the current window, or the window at
|
|
.Ar target-window
|
|
if specified, to
|
|
.Ar new-name .
|
|
.It Xo Ic resize-pane
|
|
.Op Fl DLRU
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar target-pane
|
|
.Op Ar adjustment
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic resizep )
|
|
Resize a pane, upward with
|
|
.Fl U
|
|
(the default), downward with
|
|
.Fl D ,
|
|
to the left with
|
|
.Fl L
|
|
and to the right with
|
|
.Fl R .
|
|
The
|
|
.Ar adjustment
|
|
is given in lines or cells (the default is 1).
|
|
.It Xo Ic respawn-pane
|
|
.Op Fl k
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar target-pane
|
|
.Op Ar shell-command
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic respawnp )
|
|
Reactivate a pane in which the command has exited (see the
|
|
.Ic remain-on-exit
|
|
window option).
|
|
If
|
|
.Ar shell-command
|
|
is not given, the command used when the pane was created is executed.
|
|
The pane must be already inactive, unless
|
|
.Fl k
|
|
is given, in which case any existing command is killed.
|
|
.It Xo Ic respawn-window
|
|
.Op Fl k
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar target-window
|
|
.Op Ar shell-command
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic respawnw )
|
|
Reactivate a window in which the command has exited (see the
|
|
.Ic remain-on-exit
|
|
window option).
|
|
If
|
|
.Ar shell-command
|
|
is not given, the command used when the window was created is executed.
|
|
The window must be already inactive, unless
|
|
.Fl k
|
|
is given, in which case any existing command is killed.
|
|
.It Xo Ic rotate-window
|
|
.Op Fl DU
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar target-window
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic rotatew )
|
|
Rotate the positions of the panes within a window, either upward (numerically
|
|
lower) with
|
|
.Fl U
|
|
or downward (numerically higher).
|
|
.It Xo Ic select-layout
|
|
.Op Fl np
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar target-window
|
|
.Op Ar layout-name
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic selectl )
|
|
Choose a specific layout for a window.
|
|
If
|
|
.Ar layout-name
|
|
is not given, the last preset layout used (if any) is reapplied.
|
|
.Fl n
|
|
and
|
|
.Fl p
|
|
are equivalent to the
|
|
.Ic next-layout
|
|
and
|
|
.Ic previous-layout
|
|
commands.
|
|
.It Xo Ic select-pane
|
|
.Op Fl lDLRU
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar target-pane
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic selectp )
|
|
Make pane
|
|
.Ar target-pane
|
|
the active pane in window
|
|
.Ar target-window .
|
|
If one of
|
|
.Fl D ,
|
|
.Fl L ,
|
|
.Fl R ,
|
|
or
|
|
.Fl U
|
|
is used, respectively the pane below, to the left, to the right, or above the
|
|
target pane is used.
|
|
.Fl l
|
|
is the same as using the
|
|
.Ic last-pane
|
|
command.
|
|
.It Xo Ic select-window
|
|
.Op Fl lnp
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar target-window
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic selectw )
|
|
Select the window at
|
|
.Ar target-window .
|
|
.Fl l ,
|
|
.Fl n
|
|
and
|
|
.Fl p
|
|
are equivalent to the
|
|
.Ic last-window ,
|
|
.Ic next-window
|
|
and
|
|
.Ic previous-window
|
|
commands.
|
|
.It Xo Ic split-window
|
|
.Op Fl dhvP
|
|
.Op Fl c Ar start-directory
|
|
.Oo Fl l
|
|
.Ar size |
|
|
.Fl p Ar percentage Oc
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar target-pane
|
|
.Op Ar shell-command
|
|
.Op Fl F Ar format
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic splitw )
|
|
Create a new pane by splitting
|
|
.Ar target-pane :
|
|
.Fl h
|
|
does a horizontal split and
|
|
.Fl v
|
|
a vertical split; if neither is specified,
|
|
.Fl v
|
|
is assumed.
|
|
The
|
|
.Fl l
|
|
and
|
|
.Fl p
|
|
options specify the size of the new pane in lines (for vertical split) or in
|
|
cells (for horizontal split), or as a percentage, respectively.
|
|
All other options have the same meaning as for the
|
|
.Ic new-window
|
|
command.
|
|
.It Xo Ic swap-pane
|
|
.Op Fl dDU
|
|
.Op Fl s Ar src-pane
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar dst-pane
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic swapp )
|
|
Swap two panes.
|
|
If
|
|
.Fl U
|
|
is used and no source pane is specified with
|
|
.Fl s ,
|
|
.Ar dst-pane
|
|
is swapped with the previous pane (before it numerically);
|
|
.Fl D
|
|
swaps with the next pane (after it numerically).
|
|
.Fl d
|
|
instructs
|
|
.Nm
|
|
not to change the active pane.
|
|
.It Xo Ic swap-window
|
|
.Op Fl d
|
|
.Op Fl s Ar src-window
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar dst-window
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic swapw )
|
|
This is similar to
|
|
.Ic link-window ,
|
|
except the source and destination windows are swapped.
|
|
It is an error if no window exists at
|
|
.Ar src-window .
|
|
.It Xo Ic unlink-window
|
|
.Op Fl k
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar target-window
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic unlinkw )
|
|
Unlink
|
|
.Ar target-window .
|
|
Unless
|
|
.Fl k
|
|
is given, a window may be unlinked only if it is linked to multiple sessions -
|
|
windows may not be linked to no sessions;
|
|
if
|
|
.Fl k
|
|
is specified and the window is linked to only one session, it is unlinked and
|
|
destroyed.
|
|
.El
|
|
.Sh KEY BINDINGS
|
|
.Nm
|
|
allows a command to be bound to most keys, with or without a prefix key.
|
|
When specifying keys, most represent themselves (for example
|
|
.Ql A
|
|
to
|
|
.Ql Z ) .
|
|
Ctrl keys may be prefixed with
|
|
.Ql C-
|
|
or
|
|
.Ql ^ ,
|
|
and Alt (meta) with
|
|
.Ql M- .
|
|
In addition, the following special key names are accepted:
|
|
.Em Up ,
|
|
.Em Down ,
|
|
.Em Left ,
|
|
.Em Right ,
|
|
.Em BSpace ,
|
|
.Em BTab ,
|
|
.Em DC
|
|
(Delete),
|
|
.Em End ,
|
|
.Em Enter ,
|
|
.Em Escape ,
|
|
.Em F1
|
|
to
|
|
.Em F20 ,
|
|
.Em Home ,
|
|
.Em IC
|
|
(Insert),
|
|
.Em NPage/PageDown/PgDn ,
|
|
.Em PPage/PageUp/PgUp ,
|
|
.Em Space ,
|
|
and
|
|
.Em Tab .
|
|
Note that to bind the
|
|
.Ql \&"
|
|
or
|
|
.Ql '
|
|
keys, quotation marks are necessary, for example:
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
|
bind-key '"' split-window
|
|
bind-key "'" new-window
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Commands related to key bindings are as follows:
|
|
.Bl -tag -width Ds
|
|
.It Xo Ic bind-key
|
|
.Op Fl cnr
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar key-table
|
|
.Ar key Ar command Op Ar arguments
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic bind )
|
|
Bind key
|
|
.Ar key
|
|
to
|
|
.Ar command .
|
|
By default (without
|
|
.Fl t )
|
|
the primary key bindings are modified (those normally activated with the prefix
|
|
key); in this case, if
|
|
.Fl n
|
|
is specified, it is not necessary to use the prefix key,
|
|
.Ar command
|
|
is bound to
|
|
.Ar key
|
|
alone.
|
|
The
|
|
.Fl r
|
|
flag indicates this key may repeat, see the
|
|
.Ic repeat-time
|
|
option.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
If
|
|
.Fl t
|
|
is present,
|
|
.Ar key
|
|
is bound in
|
|
.Ar key-table :
|
|
the binding for command mode with
|
|
.Fl c
|
|
or for normal mode without.
|
|
To view the default bindings and possible commands, see the
|
|
.Ic list-keys
|
|
command.
|
|
.It Ic list-keys Op Fl t Ar key-table
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic lsk )
|
|
List all key bindings.
|
|
Without
|
|
.Fl t
|
|
the primary key bindings - those executed when preceded by the prefix key -
|
|
are printed.
|
|
Keys bound without the prefix key (see
|
|
.Ic bind-key
|
|
.Fl n )
|
|
are marked with
|
|
.Ql (no prefix) .
|
|
.Pp
|
|
With
|
|
.Fl t ,
|
|
the key bindings in
|
|
.Ar key-table
|
|
are listed; this may be one of:
|
|
.Em vi-edit ,
|
|
.Em emacs-edit ,
|
|
.Em vi-choice ,
|
|
.Em emacs-choice ,
|
|
.Em vi-copy
|
|
or
|
|
.Em emacs-copy .
|
|
.It Xo Ic send-keys
|
|
.Op Fl lR
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar target-pane
|
|
.Ar key Ar ...
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic send )
|
|
Send a key or keys to a window.
|
|
Each argument
|
|
.Ar key
|
|
is the name of the key (such as
|
|
.Ql C-a
|
|
or
|
|
.Ql npage
|
|
) to send; if the string is not recognised as a key, it is sent as a series of
|
|
characters.
|
|
The
|
|
.Fl l
|
|
flag disables key name lookup and sends the keys literally.
|
|
All arguments are sent sequentially from first to last.
|
|
The
|
|
.Fl R
|
|
flag causes the terminal state to be reset.
|
|
.It Xo Ic send-prefix
|
|
.Op Fl 2
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar target-pane
|
|
.Xc
|
|
Send the prefix key, or with
|
|
.Fl 2
|
|
the secondary prefix key, to a window as if it was pressed.
|
|
.It Xo Ic unbind-key
|
|
.Op Fl acn
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar key-table
|
|
.Ar key
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic unbind )
|
|
Unbind the command bound to
|
|
.Ar key .
|
|
Without
|
|
.Fl t
|
|
the primary key bindings are modified; in this case, if
|
|
.Fl n
|
|
is specified, the command bound to
|
|
.Ar key
|
|
without a prefix (if any) is removed.
|
|
If
|
|
.Fl a
|
|
is present, all key bindings are removed.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
If
|
|
.Fl t
|
|
is present,
|
|
.Ar key
|
|
in
|
|
.Ar key-table
|
|
is unbound: the binding for command mode with
|
|
.Fl c
|
|
or for normal mode without.
|
|
.El
|
|
.Sh OPTIONS
|
|
The appearance and behaviour of
|
|
.Nm
|
|
may be modified by changing the value of various options.
|
|
There are three types of option:
|
|
.Em server options ,
|
|
.Em session options
|
|
and
|
|
.Em window options .
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The
|
|
.Nm
|
|
server has a set of global options which do not apply to any particular
|
|
window or session.
|
|
These are altered with the
|
|
.Ic set-option
|
|
.Fl s
|
|
command, or displayed with the
|
|
.Ic show-options
|
|
.Fl s
|
|
command.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
In addition, each individual session may have a set of session options, and
|
|
there is a separate set of global session options.
|
|
Sessions which do not have a particular option configured inherit the value
|
|
from the global session options.
|
|
Session options are set or unset with the
|
|
.Ic set-option
|
|
command and may be listed with the
|
|
.Ic show-options
|
|
command.
|
|
The available server and session options are listed under the
|
|
.Ic set-option
|
|
command.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Similarly, a set of window options is attached to each window, and there is
|
|
a set of global window options from which any unset options are inherited.
|
|
Window options are altered with the
|
|
.Ic set-window-option
|
|
command and can be listed with the
|
|
.Ic show-window-options
|
|
command.
|
|
All window options are documented with the
|
|
.Ic set-window-option
|
|
command.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Commands which set options are as follows:
|
|
.Bl -tag -width Ds
|
|
.It Xo Ic set-option
|
|
.Op Fl agqsuw
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar target-session | Ar target-window
|
|
.Ar option Ar value
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic set )
|
|
Set a window option with
|
|
.Fl w
|
|
(equivalent to the
|
|
.Ic set-window-option
|
|
command),
|
|
a server option with
|
|
.Fl s ,
|
|
otherwise a session option.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
If
|
|
.Fl g
|
|
is specified, the global session or window option is set.
|
|
With
|
|
.Fl a ,
|
|
and if the option expects a string,
|
|
.Ar value
|
|
is appended to the existing setting.
|
|
The
|
|
.Fl u
|
|
flag unsets an option, so a session inherits the option from the global
|
|
options.
|
|
It is not possible to unset a global option.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The
|
|
.Fl q
|
|
flag suppresses the informational message (as if the
|
|
.Ic quiet
|
|
server option was set).
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Available window options are listed under
|
|
.Ic set-window-option .
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Ar value
|
|
depends on the option and may be a number, a string, or a flag (on, off, or
|
|
omitted to toggle).
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Available server options are:
|
|
.Bl -tag -width Ds
|
|
.It Ic buffer-limit Ar number
|
|
Set the number of buffers; as new buffers are added to the top of the stack,
|
|
old ones are removed from the bottom if necessary to maintain this maximum
|
|
length.
|
|
.It Ic escape-time Ar time
|
|
Set the time in milliseconds for which
|
|
.Nm
|
|
waits after an escape is input to determine if it is part of a function or meta
|
|
key sequences.
|
|
The default is 500 milliseconds.
|
|
.It Xo Ic exit-unattached
|
|
.Op Ic on | off
|
|
.Xc
|
|
If enabled, the server will exit when there are no attached clients.
|
|
.It Xo Ic quiet
|
|
.Op Ic on | off
|
|
.Xc
|
|
Enable or disable the display of various informational messages (see also the
|
|
.Fl q
|
|
command line flag).
|
|
.It Xo Ic set-clipboard
|
|
.Op Ic on | off
|
|
.Xc
|
|
Attempt to set the terminal clipboard content using the
|
|
\ee]52;...\e007
|
|
.Xr xterm 1
|
|
escape sequences.
|
|
This option is on by default if there is an
|
|
.Em \&Ms
|
|
entry in the
|
|
.Xr terminfo 5
|
|
description for the client terminal.
|
|
Note that this feature needs to be enabled in
|
|
.Xr xterm 1
|
|
by setting the resource:
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
|
disallowedWindowOps: 20,21,SetXprop
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Or changing this property from the
|
|
.Xr xterm 1
|
|
interactive menu when required.
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Available session options are:
|
|
.Bl -tag -width Ds
|
|
.It Ic base-index Ar index
|
|
Set the base index from which an unused index should be searched when a new
|
|
window is created.
|
|
The default is zero.
|
|
.It Xo Ic bell-action
|
|
.Op Ic any | none | current
|
|
.Xc
|
|
Set action on window bell.
|
|
.Ic any
|
|
means a bell in any window linked to a session causes a bell in the current
|
|
window of that session,
|
|
.Ic none
|
|
means all bells are ignored and
|
|
.Ic current
|
|
means only bell in windows other than the current window are ignored.
|
|
.It Xo Ic bell-on-alert
|
|
.Op Ic on | off
|
|
.Xc
|
|
If on, ring the terminal bell when an activity, content or silence alert
|
|
occurs.
|
|
.It Ic default-command Ar shell-command
|
|
Set the command used for new windows (if not specified when the window is
|
|
created) to
|
|
.Ar shell-command ,
|
|
which may be any
|
|
.Xr sh 1
|
|
command.
|
|
The default is an empty string, which instructs
|
|
.Nm
|
|
to create a login shell using the value of the
|
|
.Ic default-shell
|
|
option.
|
|
.It Ic default-path Ar path
|
|
Set the default working directory for new panes.
|
|
If empty (the default), the working directory is determined from the process
|
|
running in the active pane, from the command line environment or from the
|
|
working directory where the session was created.
|
|
If
|
|
.Ar path
|
|
is "$HOME" or "~", the value of the
|
|
.Ev HOME
|
|
environment variable is used.
|
|
If
|
|
.Ar path
|
|
is ".", the working directory when
|
|
.Nm
|
|
was started is used.
|
|
.It Ic default-shell Ar path
|
|
Specify the default shell.
|
|
This is used as the login shell for new windows when the
|
|
.Ic default-command
|
|
option is set to empty, and must be the full path of the executable.
|
|
When started
|
|
.Nm
|
|
tries to set a default value from the first suitable of the
|
|
.Ev SHELL
|
|
environment variable, the shell returned by
|
|
.Xr getpwuid 3 ,
|
|
or
|
|
.Pa /bin/sh .
|
|
This option should be configured when
|
|
.Nm
|
|
is used as a login shell.
|
|
.It Ic default-terminal Ar terminal
|
|
Set the default terminal for new windows created in this session - the
|
|
default value of the
|
|
.Ev TERM
|
|
environment variable.
|
|
For
|
|
.Nm
|
|
to work correctly, this
|
|
.Em must
|
|
be set to
|
|
.Ql screen
|
|
or a derivative of it.
|
|
.It Xo Ic destroy-unattached
|
|
.Op Ic on | off
|
|
.Xc
|
|
If enabled and the session is no longer attached to any clients, it is
|
|
destroyed.
|
|
.It Xo Ic detach-on-destroy
|
|
.Op Ic on | off
|
|
.Xc
|
|
If on (the default), the client is detached when the session it is attached to
|
|
is destroyed.
|
|
If off, the client is switched to the most recently active of the remaining
|
|
sessions.
|
|
.It Ic display-panes-active-colour Ar colour
|
|
Set the colour used by the
|
|
.Ic display-panes
|
|
command to show the indicator for the active pane.
|
|
.It Ic display-panes-colour Ar colour
|
|
Set the colour used by the
|
|
.Ic display-panes
|
|
command to show the indicators for inactive panes.
|
|
.It Ic display-panes-time Ar time
|
|
Set the time in milliseconds for which the indicators shown by the
|
|
.Ic display-panes
|
|
command appear.
|
|
.It Ic display-time Ar time
|
|
Set the amount of time for which status line messages and other on-screen
|
|
indicators are displayed.
|
|
.Ar time
|
|
is in milliseconds.
|
|
.It Ic history-limit Ar lines
|
|
Set the maximum number of lines held in window history.
|
|
This setting applies only to new windows - existing window histories are not
|
|
resized and retain the limit at the point they were created.
|
|
.It Ic lock-after-time Ar number
|
|
Lock the session (like the
|
|
.Ic lock-session
|
|
command) after
|
|
.Ar number
|
|
seconds of inactivity, or the entire server (all sessions) if the
|
|
.Ic lock-server
|
|
option is set.
|
|
The default is not to lock (set to 0).
|
|
.It Ic lock-command Ar shell-command
|
|
Command to run when locking each client.
|
|
The default is to run
|
|
.Xr lock 1
|
|
with
|
|
.Fl np .
|
|
.It Xo Ic lock-server
|
|
.Op Ic on | off
|
|
.Xc
|
|
If this option is
|
|
.Ic on
|
|
(the default),
|
|
instead of each session locking individually as each has been
|
|
idle for
|
|
.Ic lock-after-time ,
|
|
the entire server will lock after
|
|
.Em all
|
|
sessions would have locked.
|
|
This has no effect as a session option; it must be set as a global option.
|
|
.It Ic message-attr Ar attributes
|
|
Set status line message attributes, where
|
|
.Ar attributes
|
|
is either
|
|
.Ic none
|
|
or a comma-delimited list of one or more of:
|
|
.Ic bright
|
|
(or
|
|
.Ic bold ) ,
|
|
.Ic dim ,
|
|
.Ic underscore ,
|
|
.Ic blink ,
|
|
.Ic reverse ,
|
|
.Ic hidden ,
|
|
or
|
|
.Ic italics .
|
|
.It Ic message-bg Ar colour
|
|
Set status line message background colour, where
|
|
.Ar colour
|
|
is one of:
|
|
.Ic black ,
|
|
.Ic red ,
|
|
.Ic green ,
|
|
.Ic yellow ,
|
|
.Ic blue ,
|
|
.Ic magenta ,
|
|
.Ic cyan ,
|
|
.Ic white ,
|
|
aixterm bright variants (if supported:
|
|
.Ic brightred ,
|
|
.Ic brightgreen ,
|
|
and so on),
|
|
.Ic colour0
|
|
to
|
|
.Ic colour255
|
|
from the 256-colour set,
|
|
.Ic default ,
|
|
or a hexadecimal RGB string such as
|
|
.Ql #ffffff ,
|
|
which chooses the closest match from the default 256-colour set.
|
|
.It Ic message-command-attr Ar attributes
|
|
Set status line message attributes when in command mode.
|
|
.It Ic message-command-bg Ar colour
|
|
Set status line message background colour when in command mode.
|
|
.It Ic message-command-fg Ar colour
|
|
Set status line message foreground colour when in command mode.
|
|
.It Ic message-fg Ar colour
|
|
Set status line message foreground colour.
|
|
.It Ic message-limit Ar number
|
|
Set the number of error or information messages to save in the message log for
|
|
each client.
|
|
The default is 20.
|
|
.It Xo Ic mouse-resize-pane
|
|
.Op Ic on | off
|
|
.Xc
|
|
If on,
|
|
.Nm
|
|
captures the mouse and allows panes to be resized by dragging on their borders.
|
|
.It Xo Ic mouse-select-pane
|
|
.Op Ic on | off
|
|
.Xc
|
|
If on,
|
|
.Nm
|
|
captures the mouse and when a window is split into multiple panes the mouse may
|
|
be used to select the current pane.
|
|
The mouse click is also passed through to the application as normal.
|
|
.It Xo Ic mouse-select-window
|
|
.Op Ic on | off
|
|
.Xc
|
|
If on, clicking the mouse on a window name in the status line will select that
|
|
window.
|
|
.It Xo Ic mouse-utf8
|
|
.Op Ic on | off
|
|
.Xc
|
|
If enabled, request mouse input as UTF-8 on UTF-8 terminals.
|
|
.It Ic pane-active-border-bg Ar colour
|
|
.It Ic pane-active-border-fg Ar colour
|
|
Set the pane border colour for the currently active pane.
|
|
.It Ic pane-border-bg Ar colour
|
|
.It Ic pane-border-fg Ar colour
|
|
Set the pane border colour for panes aside from the active pane.
|
|
.It Ic prefix Ar key
|
|
Set the key accepted as a prefix key.
|
|
.It Ic prefix2 Ar key
|
|
Set a secondary key accepted as a prefix key.
|
|
.It Ic repeat-time Ar time
|
|
Allow multiple commands to be entered without pressing the prefix-key again
|
|
in the specified
|
|
.Ar time
|
|
milliseconds (the default is 500).
|
|
Whether a key repeats may be set when it is bound using the
|
|
.Fl r
|
|
flag to
|
|
.Ic bind-key .
|
|
Repeat is enabled for the default keys bound to the
|
|
.Ic resize-pane
|
|
command.
|
|
.It Xo Ic set-remain-on-exit
|
|
.Op Ic on | off
|
|
.Xc
|
|
Set the
|
|
.Ic remain-on-exit
|
|
window option for any windows first created in this session.
|
|
When this option is true, windows in which the running program has
|
|
exited do not close, instead remaining open but inactivate.
|
|
Use the
|
|
.Ic respawn-window
|
|
command to reactivate such a window, or the
|
|
.Ic kill-window
|
|
command to destroy it.
|
|
.It Xo Ic set-titles
|
|
.Op Ic on | off
|
|
.Xc
|
|
Attempt to set the client terminal title using the
|
|
.Em tsl
|
|
and
|
|
.Em fsl
|
|
.Xr terminfo 5
|
|
entries if they exist.
|
|
.Nm
|
|
automatically sets these to the \ee]2;...\e007 sequence if
|
|
the terminal appears to be an xterm.
|
|
This option is off by default.
|
|
Note that elinks
|
|
will only attempt to set the window title if the STY environment
|
|
variable is set.
|
|
.It Ic set-titles-string Ar string
|
|
String used to set the window title if
|
|
.Ic set-titles
|
|
is on.
|
|
Character sequences are replaced as for the
|
|
.Ic status-left
|
|
option.
|
|
.It Xo Ic status
|
|
.Op Ic on | off
|
|
.Xc
|
|
Show or hide the status line.
|
|
.It Ic status-attr Ar attributes
|
|
Set status line attributes.
|
|
.It Ic status-bg Ar colour
|
|
Set status line background colour.
|
|
.It Ic status-fg Ar colour
|
|
Set status line foreground colour.
|
|
.It Ic status-interval Ar interval
|
|
Update the status bar every
|
|
.Ar interval
|
|
seconds.
|
|
By default, updates will occur every 15 seconds.
|
|
A setting of zero disables redrawing at interval.
|
|
.It Xo Ic status-justify
|
|
.Op Ic left | centre | right
|
|
.Xc
|
|
Set the position of the window list component of the status line: left, centre
|
|
or right justified.
|
|
.It Xo Ic status-keys
|
|
.Op Ic vi | emacs
|
|
.Xc
|
|
Use vi or emacs-style
|
|
key bindings in the status line, for example at the command prompt.
|
|
The default is emacs, unless the
|
|
.Ev VISUAL
|
|
or
|
|
.Ev EDITOR
|
|
environment variables are set and contain the string
|
|
.Ql vi .
|
|
.It Ic status-left Ar string
|
|
Display
|
|
.Ar string
|
|
to the left of the status bar.
|
|
.Ar string
|
|
will be passed through
|
|
.Xr strftime 3
|
|
before being used.
|
|
By default, the session name is shown.
|
|
.Ar string
|
|
may contain any of the following special character sequences:
|
|
.Bl -column "Character pair" "Replaced with" -offset indent
|
|
.It Sy "Character pair" Ta Sy "Replaced with"
|
|
.It Li "#(shell-command)" Ta "First line of the command's output"
|
|
.It Li "#[attributes]" Ta "Colour or attribute change"
|
|
.It Li "#H" Ta "Hostname of local host"
|
|
.It Li "#h" Ta "Hostname of local host without the domain name"
|
|
.It Li "#F" Ta "Current window flag"
|
|
.It Li "#I" Ta "Current window index"
|
|
.It Li "#P" Ta "Current pane index"
|
|
.It Li "#S" Ta "Session name"
|
|
.It Li "#T" Ta "Current pane title"
|
|
.It Li "#W" Ta "Current window name"
|
|
.It Li "##" Ta "A literal" Ql #
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The #(shell-command) form executes
|
|
.Ql shell-command
|
|
and inserts the first line of its output.
|
|
Note that shell commands are only executed once at the interval specified by
|
|
the
|
|
.Ic status-interval
|
|
option: if the status line is redrawn in the meantime, the previous result is
|
|
used.
|
|
Shell commands are executed with the
|
|
.Nm
|
|
global environment set (see the
|
|
.Sx ENVIRONMENT
|
|
section).
|
|
.Pp
|
|
For details on how the names and titles can be set see the
|
|
.Sx "NAMES AND TITLES"
|
|
section.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
#[attributes] allows a comma-separated list of attributes to be specified,
|
|
these may be
|
|
.Ql fg=colour
|
|
to set the foreground colour,
|
|
.Ql bg=colour
|
|
to set the background colour, the name of one of the attributes (listed under
|
|
the
|
|
.Ic message-attr
|
|
option) to turn an attribute on, or an attribute prefixed with
|
|
.Ql no
|
|
to turn one off, for example
|
|
.Ic nobright .
|
|
Examples are:
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
|
#(sysctl vm.loadavg)
|
|
#[fg=yellow,bold]#(apm -l)%%#[default] [#S]
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Where appropriate, special character sequences may be prefixed with a number to
|
|
specify the maximum length, for example
|
|
.Ql #24T .
|
|
.Pp
|
|
By default, UTF-8 in
|
|
.Ar string
|
|
is not interpreted, to enable UTF-8, use the
|
|
.Ic status-utf8
|
|
option.
|
|
.It Ic status-left-attr Ar attributes
|
|
Set the attribute of the left part of the status line.
|
|
.It Ic status-left-bg Ar colour
|
|
Set the background colour of the left part of the status line.
|
|
.It Ic status-left-fg Ar colour
|
|
Set the foreground colour of the left part of the status line.
|
|
.It Ic status-left-length Ar length
|
|
Set the maximum
|
|
.Ar length
|
|
of the left component of the status bar.
|
|
The default is 10.
|
|
.It Xo Ic status-position
|
|
.Op Ic top | bottom
|
|
.Xc
|
|
Set the position of the status line.
|
|
.It Ic status-right Ar string
|
|
Display
|
|
.Ar string
|
|
to the right of the status bar.
|
|
By default, the current window title in double quotes, the date and the time
|
|
are shown.
|
|
As with
|
|
.Ic status-left ,
|
|
.Ar string
|
|
will be passed to
|
|
.Xr strftime 3 ,
|
|
character pairs are replaced, and UTF-8 is dependent on the
|
|
.Ic status-utf8
|
|
option.
|
|
.It Ic status-right-attr Ar attributes
|
|
Set the attribute of the right part of the status line.
|
|
.It Ic status-right-bg Ar colour
|
|
Set the background colour of the right part of the status line.
|
|
.It Ic status-right-fg Ar colour
|
|
Set the foreground colour of the right part of the status line.
|
|
.It Ic status-right-length Ar length
|
|
Set the maximum
|
|
.Ar length
|
|
of the right component of the status bar.
|
|
The default is 40.
|
|
.It Xo Ic status-utf8
|
|
.Op Ic on | off
|
|
.Xc
|
|
Instruct
|
|
.Nm
|
|
to treat top-bit-set characters in the
|
|
.Ic status-left
|
|
and
|
|
.Ic status-right
|
|
strings as UTF-8; notably, this is important for wide characters.
|
|
This option defaults to off.
|
|
.It Ic terminal-overrides Ar string
|
|
Contains a list of entries which override terminal descriptions read using
|
|
.Xr terminfo 5 .
|
|
.Ar string
|
|
is a comma-separated list of items each a colon-separated string made up of a
|
|
terminal type pattern (matched using
|
|
.Xr fnmatch 3 )
|
|
and a set of
|
|
.Em name=value
|
|
entries.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
For example, to set the
|
|
.Ql clear
|
|
.Xr terminfo 5
|
|
entry to
|
|
.Ql \ee[H\ee[2J
|
|
for all terminal types and the
|
|
.Ql dch1
|
|
entry to
|
|
.Ql \ee[P
|
|
for the
|
|
.Ql rxvt
|
|
terminal type, the option could be set to the string:
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
|
"*:clear=\ee[H\ee[2J,rxvt:dch1=\ee[P"
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The terminal entry value is passed through
|
|
.Xr strunvis 3
|
|
before interpretation.
|
|
The default value forcibly corrects the
|
|
.Ql colors
|
|
entry for terminals which support 88 or 256 colours:
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
|
"*88col*:colors=88,*256col*:colors=256,xterm*:XT"
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.It Ic update-environment Ar variables
|
|
Set a space-separated string containing a list of environment variables to be
|
|
copied into the session environment when a new session is created or an
|
|
existing session is attached.
|
|
Any variables that do not exist in the source environment are set to be
|
|
removed from the session environment (as if
|
|
.Fl r
|
|
was given to the
|
|
.Ic set-environment
|
|
command).
|
|
The default is
|
|
"DISPLAY SSH_ASKPASS SSH_AUTH_SOCK SSH_AGENT_PID SSH_CONNECTION WINDOWID
|
|
XAUTHORITY".
|
|
.It Xo Ic visual-activity
|
|
.Op Ic on | off
|
|
.Xc
|
|
If on, display a status line message when activity occurs in a window
|
|
for which the
|
|
.Ic monitor-activity
|
|
window option is enabled.
|
|
.It Xo Ic visual-bell
|
|
.Op Ic on | off
|
|
.Xc
|
|
If this option is on, a message is shown on a bell instead of it being passed
|
|
through to the terminal (which normally makes a sound).
|
|
Also see the
|
|
.Ic bell-action
|
|
option.
|
|
.It Xo Ic visual-content
|
|
.Op Ic on | off
|
|
.Xc
|
|
Like
|
|
.Ic visual-activity ,
|
|
display a message when content is present in a window
|
|
for which the
|
|
.Ic monitor-content
|
|
window option is enabled.
|
|
.It Xo Ic visual-silence
|
|
.Op Ic on | off
|
|
.Xc
|
|
If
|
|
.Ic monitor-silence
|
|
is enabled, prints a message after the interval has expired on a given window.
|
|
.It Ic word-separators Ar string
|
|
Sets the session's conception of what characters are considered word
|
|
separators, for the purposes of the next and previous word commands in
|
|
copy mode.
|
|
The default is
|
|
.Ql \ -_@ .
|
|
.El
|
|
.It Xo Ic set-window-option
|
|
.Op Fl agqu
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar target-window
|
|
.Ar option Ar value
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic setw )
|
|
Set a window option.
|
|
The
|
|
.Fl a ,
|
|
.Fl g ,
|
|
.Fl q
|
|
and
|
|
.Fl u
|
|
flags work similarly to the
|
|
.Ic set-option
|
|
command.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Supported window options are:
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Bl -tag -width Ds -compact
|
|
.It Xo Ic aggressive-resize
|
|
.Op Ic on | off
|
|
.Xc
|
|
Aggressively resize the chosen window.
|
|
This means that
|
|
.Nm
|
|
will resize the window to the size of the smallest session for which it is the
|
|
current window, rather than the smallest session to which it is attached.
|
|
The window may resize when the current window is changed on another sessions;
|
|
this option is good for full-screen programs which support
|
|
.Dv SIGWINCH
|
|
and poor for interactive programs such as shells.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Xo Ic allow-rename
|
|
.Op Ic on | off
|
|
.Xc
|
|
Allow programs to change the window name using a terminal escape
|
|
sequence (\\033k...\\033\\\\).
|
|
The default is on.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Xo Ic alternate-screen
|
|
.Op Ic on | off
|
|
.Xc
|
|
This option configures whether programs running inside
|
|
.Nm
|
|
may use the terminal alternate screen feature, which allows the
|
|
.Em smcup
|
|
and
|
|
.Em rmcup
|
|
.Xr terminfo 5
|
|
capabilities.
|
|
The alternate screen feature preserves the contents of the window when an
|
|
interactive application starts and restores it on exit, so that any output
|
|
visible before the application starts reappears unchanged after it exits.
|
|
The default is on.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Xo Ic automatic-rename
|
|
.Op Ic on | off
|
|
.Xc
|
|
Control automatic window renaming.
|
|
When this setting is enabled,
|
|
.Nm
|
|
will attempt - on supported platforms - to rename the window to reflect the
|
|
command currently running in it.
|
|
This flag is automatically disabled for an individual window when a name
|
|
is specified at creation with
|
|
.Ic new-window
|
|
or
|
|
.Ic new-session ,
|
|
or later with
|
|
.Ic rename-window ,
|
|
or with a terminal escape sequence.
|
|
It may be switched off globally with:
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
|
set-window-option -g automatic-rename off
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Ic c0-change-interval Ar interval
|
|
.It Ic c0-change-trigger Ar trigger
|
|
These two options configure a simple form of rate limiting for a pane.
|
|
If
|
|
.Nm
|
|
sees more than
|
|
.Ar trigger
|
|
C0 sequences that modify the screen (for example, carriage returns, linefeeds
|
|
or backspaces) in one millisecond, it will stop updating the pane immediately and
|
|
instead redraw it entirely every
|
|
.Ar interval
|
|
milliseconds.
|
|
This helps to prevent fast output (such as
|
|
.Xr yes 1
|
|
overwhelming the terminal).
|
|
The default is a trigger of 250 and an interval of 100.
|
|
A trigger of zero disables the rate limiting.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Ic clock-mode-colour Ar colour
|
|
Set clock colour.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Xo Ic clock-mode-style
|
|
.Op Ic 12 | 24
|
|
.Xc
|
|
Set clock hour format.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Ic force-height Ar height
|
|
.It Ic force-width Ar width
|
|
Prevent
|
|
.Nm
|
|
from resizing a window to greater than
|
|
.Ar width
|
|
or
|
|
.Ar height .
|
|
A value of zero restores the default unlimited setting.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Ic main-pane-height Ar height
|
|
.It Ic main-pane-width Ar width
|
|
Set the width or height of the main (left or top) pane in the
|
|
.Ic main-horizontal
|
|
or
|
|
.Ic main-vertical
|
|
layouts.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Ic mode-attr Ar attributes
|
|
Set window modes attributes.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Ic mode-bg Ar colour
|
|
Set window modes background colour.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Ic mode-fg Ar colour
|
|
Set window modes foreground colour.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Xo Ic mode-keys
|
|
.Op Ic vi | emacs
|
|
.Xc
|
|
Use vi or emacs-style key bindings in copy and choice modes.
|
|
As with the
|
|
.Ic status-keys
|
|
option, the default is emacs, unless
|
|
.Ev VISUAL
|
|
or
|
|
.Ev EDITOR
|
|
contains
|
|
.Ql vi .
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Xo Ic mode-mouse
|
|
.Op Ic on | off | copy-mode
|
|
.Xc
|
|
Mouse state in modes.
|
|
If on, the mouse may be used to enter copy mode and copy a selection by
|
|
dragging, to enter copy mode and scroll with the mouse wheel, or to select an
|
|
option in choice mode.
|
|
If set to
|
|
.Em copy-mode ,
|
|
the mouse behaves as set to on, but cannot be used to enter copy
|
|
mode.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Xo Ic monitor-activity
|
|
.Op Ic on | off
|
|
.Xc
|
|
Monitor for activity in the window.
|
|
Windows with activity are highlighted in the status line.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Ic monitor-content Ar match-string
|
|
Monitor content in the window.
|
|
When
|
|
.Xr fnmatch 3
|
|
pattern
|
|
.Ar match-string
|
|
appears in the window, it is highlighted in the status line.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Xo Ic monitor-silence
|
|
.Op Ic interval
|
|
.Xc
|
|
Monitor for silence (no activity) in the window within
|
|
.Ic interval
|
|
seconds.
|
|
Windows that have been silent for the interval are highlighted in the
|
|
status line.
|
|
An interval of zero disables the monitoring.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Ic other-pane-height Ar height
|
|
Set the height of the other panes (not the main pane) in the
|
|
.Ic main-horizontal
|
|
layout.
|
|
If this option is set to 0 (the default), it will have no effect.
|
|
If both the
|
|
.Ic main-pane-height
|
|
and
|
|
.Ic other-pane-height
|
|
options are set, the main pane will grow taller to make the other panes the
|
|
specified height, but will never shrink to do so.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Ic other-pane-width Ar width
|
|
Like
|
|
.Ic other-pane-height ,
|
|
but set the width of other panes in the
|
|
.Ic main-vertical
|
|
layout.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Ic pane-base-index Ar index
|
|
Like
|
|
.Ic base-index ,
|
|
but set the starting index for pane numbers.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Xo Ic remain-on-exit
|
|
.Op Ic on | off
|
|
.Xc
|
|
A window with this flag set is not destroyed when the program running in it
|
|
exits.
|
|
The window may be reactivated with the
|
|
.Ic respawn-window
|
|
command.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Xo Ic synchronize-panes
|
|
.Op Ic on | off
|
|
.Xc
|
|
Duplicate input to any pane to all other panes in the same window (only
|
|
for panes that are not in any special mode).
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Xo Ic utf8
|
|
.Op Ic on | off
|
|
.Xc
|
|
Instructs
|
|
.Nm
|
|
to expect UTF-8 sequences to appear in this window.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Ic window-status-bell-attr Ar attributes
|
|
Set status line attributes for windows which have a bell alert.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Ic window-status-bell-bg Ar colour
|
|
Set status line background colour for windows with a bell alert.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Ic window-status-bell-fg Ar colour
|
|
Set status line foreground colour for windows with a bell alert.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Ic window-status-content-attr Ar attributes
|
|
Set status line attributes for windows which have a content alert.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Ic window-status-content-bg Ar colour
|
|
Set status line background colour for windows with a content alert.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Ic window-status-content-fg Ar colour
|
|
Set status line foreground colour for windows with a content alert.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Ic window-status-activity-attr Ar attributes
|
|
Set status line attributes for windows which have an activity (or silence) alert.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Ic window-status-activity-bg Ar colour
|
|
Set status line background colour for windows with an activity alert.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Ic window-status-activity-fg Ar colour
|
|
Set status line foreground colour for windows with an activity alert.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Ic window-status-attr Ar attributes
|
|
Set status line attributes for a single window.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Ic window-status-bg Ar colour
|
|
Set status line background colour for a single window.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Ic window-status-current-attr Ar attributes
|
|
Set status line attributes for the currently active window.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Ic window-status-current-bg Ar colour
|
|
Set status line background colour for the currently active window.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Ic window-status-current-fg Ar colour
|
|
Set status line foreground colour for the currently active window.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Ic window-status-current-format Ar string
|
|
Like
|
|
.Ar window-status-format ,
|
|
but is the format used when the window is the current window.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Ic window-status-fg Ar colour
|
|
Set status line foreground colour for a single window.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Ic window-status-format Ar string
|
|
Set the format in which the window is displayed in the status line window list.
|
|
See the
|
|
.Ar status-left
|
|
option for details of special character sequences available.
|
|
The default is
|
|
.Ql #I:#W#F .
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Xo Ic xterm-keys
|
|
.Op Ic on | off
|
|
.Xc
|
|
If this option is set,
|
|
.Nm
|
|
will generate
|
|
.Xr xterm 1 -style
|
|
function key sequences; these have a number included to indicate modifiers such
|
|
as Shift, Alt or Ctrl.
|
|
The default is off.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Xo Ic wrap-search
|
|
.Op Ic on | off
|
|
.Xc
|
|
If this option is set, searches will wrap around the end of the pane contents.
|
|
The default is on.
|
|
.El
|
|
.It Xo Ic show-options
|
|
.Op Fl gsw
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar target-session | Ar target-window
|
|
.Op Ar option
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic show )
|
|
Show the window options (or a single window option if given) with
|
|
.Fl w
|
|
(equivalent to
|
|
.Ic show-window-options ) ,
|
|
the server options with
|
|
.Fl s ,
|
|
otherwise the session options for
|
|
.Ar target session .
|
|
Global session or window options are listed if
|
|
.Fl g
|
|
is used.
|
|
.It Xo Ic show-window-options
|
|
.Op Fl g
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar target-window
|
|
.Op Ar option
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic showw )
|
|
List the window options or a single option for
|
|
.Ar target-window ,
|
|
or the global window options if
|
|
.Fl g
|
|
is used.
|
|
.El
|
|
.Sh FORMATS
|
|
The
|
|
.Ic list-clients ,
|
|
.Ic list-sessions ,
|
|
.Ic list-windows
|
|
and
|
|
.Ic list-panes
|
|
commands accept the
|
|
.Fl F
|
|
flag with a
|
|
.Ar format
|
|
argument.
|
|
This is a string which controls the output format of the command.
|
|
Special character sequences are replaced as documented under the
|
|
.Ic status-left
|
|
option and an additional long form is accepted.
|
|
Replacement variables are enclosed in
|
|
.Ql #{
|
|
and
|
|
.Ql } ,
|
|
for example
|
|
.Ql #{session_name}
|
|
is equivalent to
|
|
.Ql #S .
|
|
Conditionals are also accepted by prefixing with
|
|
.Ql \&?
|
|
and separating two alternatives with a comma;
|
|
if the specified variable exists and is not zero, the first alternative
|
|
is chosen, otherwise the second is used.
|
|
For example
|
|
.Ql #{?session_attached,attached,not attached}
|
|
will include the string
|
|
.Ql attached
|
|
if the session is attached and the string
|
|
.Ql not attached
|
|
if it is unattached.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The following variables are available, where appropriate:
|
|
.Bl -column "session_created_string" "Replaced with" -offset indent
|
|
.It Sy "Variable name" Ta Sy "Replaced with"
|
|
.It Li "client_activity" Ta "Integer time client last had activity"
|
|
.It Li "client_activity_string" Ta "String time client last had activity"
|
|
.It Li "client_created" Ta "Integer time client created"
|
|
.It Li "client_created_string" Ta "String time client created"
|
|
.It Li "client_cwd" Ta "Working directory of client"
|
|
.It Li "client_height" Ta "Height of client"
|
|
.It Li "client_readonly" Ta "1 if client is readonly"
|
|
.It Li "client_termname" Ta "Terminal name of client"
|
|
.It Li "client_tty" Ta "Pseudo terminal of client"
|
|
.It Li "client_utf8" Ta "1 if client supports utf8"
|
|
.It Li "client_width" Ta "Width of client"
|
|
.It Li "host" Ta "Hostname of local host"
|
|
.It Li "line" Ta "Line number in the list"
|
|
.It Li "pane_active" Ta "1 if active pane"
|
|
.It Li "pane_dead" Ta "1 if pane is dead"
|
|
.It Li "pane_height" Ta "Height of pane"
|
|
.It Li "pane_id" Ta "Unique pane ID"
|
|
.It Li "pane_pid" Ta "PID of first process in pane"
|
|
.It Li "pane_start_command" Ta "Command pane started with"
|
|
.It Li "pane_start_path" Ta "Path pane started with"
|
|
.It Li "pane_title" Ta "Title of pane"
|
|
.It Li "pane_tty" Ta "Pseudo terminal of pane"
|
|
.It Li "pane_width" Ta "Width of pane"
|
|
.It Li "session_attached" Ta "1 if session attached"
|
|
.It Li "session_created" Ta "Integer time session created"
|
|
.It Li "session_created_string" Ta "String time session created"
|
|
.It Li "session_group" Ta "Number of session group"
|
|
.It Li "session_grouped" Ta "1 if session in a group"
|
|
.It Li "session_height" Ta "Height of session"
|
|
.It Li "session_name" Ta "Name of session"
|
|
.It Li "session_width" Ta "Width of session"
|
|
.It Li "session_windows" Ta "Number of windows in session"
|
|
.It Li "window_active" Ta "1 if window active"
|
|
.It Li "window_flags" Ta "Window flags"
|
|
.It Li "window_height" Ta "Height of window"
|
|
.It Li "window_index" Ta "Index of window"
|
|
.It Li "window_layout" Ta "Window layout description"
|
|
.It Li "window_name" Ta "Name of window"
|
|
.It Li "window_width" Ta "Width of window"
|
|
.El
|
|
.Sh NAMES AND TITLES
|
|
.Nm
|
|
distinguishes between names and titles.
|
|
Windows and sessions have names, which may be used to specify them in targets
|
|
and are displayed in the status line and various lists: the name is the
|
|
.Nm
|
|
identifier for a window or session.
|
|
Only panes have titles.
|
|
A pane's title is typically set by the program running inside the pane and
|
|
is not modified by
|
|
.Nm .
|
|
It is the same mechanism used to set for example the
|
|
.Xr xterm 1
|
|
window title in an
|
|
.Xr X 7
|
|
window manager.
|
|
Windows themselves do not have titles - a window's title is the title of its
|
|
active pane.
|
|
.Nm
|
|
itself may set the title of the terminal in which the client is running, see
|
|
the
|
|
.Ic set-titles
|
|
option.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
A session's name is set with the
|
|
.Ic new-session
|
|
and
|
|
.Ic rename-session
|
|
commands.
|
|
A window's name is set with one of:
|
|
.Bl -enum -width Ds
|
|
.It
|
|
A command argument (such as
|
|
.Fl n
|
|
for
|
|
.Ic new-window
|
|
or
|
|
.Ic new-session ) .
|
|
.It
|
|
An escape sequence:
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
|
$ printf '\e033kWINDOW_NAME\e033\e\e'
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.It
|
|
Automatic renaming, which sets the name to the active command in the window's
|
|
active pane.
|
|
See the
|
|
.Ic automatic-rename
|
|
option.
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
When a pane is first created, its title is the hostname.
|
|
A pane's title can be set via the OSC title setting sequence, for example:
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
|
$ printf '\e033]2;My Title\e033\e\e'
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Sh ENVIRONMENT
|
|
When the server is started,
|
|
.Nm
|
|
copies the environment into the
|
|
.Em global environment ;
|
|
in addition, each session has a
|
|
.Em session environment .
|
|
When a window is created, the session and global environments are merged.
|
|
If a variable exists in both, the value from the session environment is used.
|
|
The result is the initial environment passed to the new process.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The
|
|
.Ic update-environment
|
|
session option may be used to update the session environment from the client
|
|
when a new session is created or an old reattached.
|
|
.Nm
|
|
also initialises the
|
|
.Ev TMUX
|
|
variable with some internal information to allow commands to be executed
|
|
from inside, and the
|
|
.Ev TERM
|
|
variable with the correct terminal setting of
|
|
.Ql screen .
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Commands to alter and view the environment are:
|
|
.Bl -tag -width Ds
|
|
.It Xo Ic set-environment
|
|
.Op Fl gru
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar target-session
|
|
.Ar name Op Ar value
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic setenv )
|
|
Set or unset an environment variable.
|
|
If
|
|
.Fl g
|
|
is used, the change is made in the global environment; otherwise, it is applied
|
|
to the session environment for
|
|
.Ar target-session .
|
|
The
|
|
.Fl u
|
|
flag unsets a variable.
|
|
.Fl r
|
|
indicates the variable is to be removed from the environment before starting a
|
|
new process.
|
|
.It Xo Ic show-environment
|
|
.Op Fl g
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar target-session
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic showenv )
|
|
Display the environment for
|
|
.Ar target-session
|
|
or the global environment with
|
|
.Fl g .
|
|
Variables removed from the environment are prefixed with
|
|
.Ql - .
|
|
.El
|
|
.Sh STATUS LINE
|
|
.Nm
|
|
includes an optional status line which is displayed in the bottom line of each
|
|
terminal.
|
|
By default, the status line is enabled (it may be disabled with the
|
|
.Ic status
|
|
session option) and contains, from left-to-right: the name of the current
|
|
session in square brackets; the window list; the title of the active pane
|
|
in double quotes; and the time and date.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The status line is made of three parts: configurable left and right sections
|
|
(which may contain dynamic content such as the time or output from a shell
|
|
command, see the
|
|
.Ic status-left ,
|
|
.Ic status-left-length ,
|
|
.Ic status-right ,
|
|
and
|
|
.Ic status-right-length
|
|
options below), and a central window list.
|
|
By default, the window list shows the index, name and (if any) flag of the
|
|
windows present in the current session in ascending numerical order.
|
|
It may be customised with the
|
|
.Ar window-status-format
|
|
and
|
|
.Ar window-status-current-format
|
|
options.
|
|
The flag is one of the following symbols appended to the window name:
|
|
.Bl -column "Symbol" "Meaning" -offset indent
|
|
.It Sy "Symbol" Ta Sy "Meaning"
|
|
.It Li "*" Ta "Denotes the current window."
|
|
.It Li "-" Ta "Marks the last window (previously selected)."
|
|
.It Li "#" Ta "Window is monitored and activity has been detected."
|
|
.It Li "!" Ta "A bell has occurred in the window."
|
|
.It Li "+" Ta "Window is monitored for content and it has appeared."
|
|
.It Li "~" Ta "The window has been silent for the monitor-silence interval."
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The # symbol relates to the
|
|
.Ic monitor-activity
|
|
and + to the
|
|
.Ic monitor-content
|
|
window options.
|
|
The window name is printed in inverted colours if an alert (bell, activity or
|
|
content) is present.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The colour and attributes of the status line may be configured, the entire
|
|
status line using the
|
|
.Ic status-attr ,
|
|
.Ic status-fg
|
|
and
|
|
.Ic status-bg
|
|
session options and individual windows using the
|
|
.Ic window-status-attr ,
|
|
.Ic window-status-fg
|
|
and
|
|
.Ic window-status-bg
|
|
window options.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The status line is automatically refreshed at interval if it has changed, the
|
|
interval may be controlled with the
|
|
.Ic status-interval
|
|
session option.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Commands related to the status line are as follows:
|
|
.Bl -tag -width Ds
|
|
.It Xo Ic command-prompt
|
|
.Op Fl I Ar inputs
|
|
.Op Fl p Ar prompts
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar target-client
|
|
.Op Ar template
|
|
.Xc
|
|
Open the command prompt in a client.
|
|
This may be used from inside
|
|
.Nm
|
|
to execute commands interactively.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
If
|
|
.Ar template
|
|
is specified, it is used as the command.
|
|
If present,
|
|
.Fl I
|
|
is a comma-separated list of the initial text for each prompt.
|
|
If
|
|
.Fl p
|
|
is given,
|
|
.Ar prompts
|
|
is a comma-separated list of prompts which are displayed in order; otherwise
|
|
a single prompt is displayed, constructed from
|
|
.Ar template
|
|
if it is present, or
|
|
.Ql \&:
|
|
if not.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Both
|
|
.Ar inputs
|
|
and
|
|
.Ar prompts
|
|
may contain the special character sequences supported by the
|
|
.Ic status-left
|
|
option.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Before the command is executed, the first occurrence of the string
|
|
.Ql %%
|
|
and all occurrences of
|
|
.Ql %1
|
|
are replaced by the response to the first prompt, the second
|
|
.Ql %%
|
|
and all
|
|
.Ql %2
|
|
are replaced with the response to the second prompt, and so on for further
|
|
prompts.
|
|
Up to nine prompt responses may be replaced
|
|
.Po
|
|
.Ql %1
|
|
to
|
|
.Ql %9
|
|
.Pc .
|
|
.It Xo Ic confirm-before
|
|
.Op Fl p Ar prompt
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar target-client
|
|
.Ar command
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic confirm )
|
|
Ask for confirmation before executing
|
|
.Ar command .
|
|
If
|
|
.Fl p
|
|
is given,
|
|
.Ar prompt
|
|
is the prompt to display; otherwise a prompt is constructed from
|
|
.Ar command .
|
|
It may contain the special character sequences supported by the
|
|
.Ic status-left
|
|
option.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
This command works only from inside
|
|
.Nm .
|
|
.It Xo Ic display-message
|
|
.Op Fl p
|
|
.Op Fl c Ar target-client
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar target-pane
|
|
.Op Ar message
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic display )
|
|
Display a message.
|
|
If
|
|
.Fl p
|
|
is given, the output is printed to stdout, otherwise it is displayed in the
|
|
.Ar target-client
|
|
status line.
|
|
The format of
|
|
.Ar message
|
|
is described in the
|
|
.Sx FORMATS
|
|
section; information is taken from
|
|
.Ar target-pane
|
|
if
|
|
.Fl t
|
|
is given, otherwise the active pane for the session attached to
|
|
.Ar target-client .
|
|
.El
|
|
.Sh BUFFERS
|
|
.Nm
|
|
maintains a stack of
|
|
.Em paste buffers .
|
|
Up to the value of the
|
|
.Ic buffer-limit
|
|
option are kept; when a new buffer is added, the buffer at the bottom of the
|
|
stack is removed.
|
|
Buffers may be added using
|
|
.Ic copy-mode
|
|
or the
|
|
.Ic set-buffer
|
|
command, and pasted into a window using the
|
|
.Ic paste-buffer
|
|
command.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
A configurable history buffer is also maintained for each window.
|
|
By default, up to 2000 lines are kept; this can be altered with the
|
|
.Ic history-limit
|
|
option (see the
|
|
.Ic set-option
|
|
command above).
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The buffer commands are as follows:
|
|
.Bl -tag -width Ds
|
|
.It Xo
|
|
.Ic choose-buffer
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar target-window
|
|
.Op Ar template
|
|
.Xc
|
|
Put a window into buffer choice mode, where a buffer may be chosen
|
|
interactively from a list.
|
|
After a buffer is selected,
|
|
.Ql %%
|
|
is replaced by the buffer index in
|
|
.Ar template
|
|
and the result executed as a command.
|
|
If
|
|
.Ar template
|
|
is not given, "paste-buffer -b '%%'" is used.
|
|
This command works only from inside
|
|
.Nm .
|
|
.It Ic clear-history Op Fl t Ar target-pane
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic clearhist )
|
|
Remove and free the history for the specified pane.
|
|
.It Ic delete-buffer Op Fl b Ar buffer-index
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic deleteb )
|
|
Delete the buffer at
|
|
.Ar buffer-index ,
|
|
or the top buffer if not specified.
|
|
.It Ic list-buffers
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic lsb )
|
|
List the global buffers.
|
|
.It Xo Ic load-buffer
|
|
.Op Fl b Ar buffer-index
|
|
.Ar path
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic loadb )
|
|
Load the contents of the specified paste buffer from
|
|
.Ar path .
|
|
.It Xo Ic paste-buffer
|
|
.Op Fl dpr
|
|
.Op Fl b Ar buffer-index
|
|
.Op Fl s Ar separator
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar target-pane
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic pasteb )
|
|
Insert the contents of a paste buffer into the specified pane.
|
|
If not specified, paste into the current one.
|
|
With
|
|
.Fl d ,
|
|
also delete the paste buffer from the stack.
|
|
When output, any linefeed (LF) characters in the paste buffer are replaced with
|
|
a separator, by default carriage return (CR).
|
|
A custom separator may be specified using the
|
|
.Fl s
|
|
flag.
|
|
The
|
|
.Fl r
|
|
flag means to do no replacement (equivalent to a separator of LF).
|
|
If
|
|
.Fl p
|
|
is specified, paste bracket control codes are inserted around the
|
|
buffer if the application has requested bracketed paste mode.
|
|
.It Xo Ic save-buffer
|
|
.Op Fl a
|
|
.Op Fl b Ar buffer-index
|
|
.Ar path
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic saveb )
|
|
Save the contents of the specified paste buffer to
|
|
.Ar path .
|
|
The
|
|
.Fl a
|
|
option appends to rather than overwriting the file.
|
|
.It Xo Ic set-buffer
|
|
.Op Fl b Ar buffer-index
|
|
.Ar data
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic setb )
|
|
Set the contents of the specified buffer to
|
|
.Ar data .
|
|
.It Xo Ic show-buffer
|
|
.Op Fl b Ar buffer-index
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic showb )
|
|
Display the contents of the specified buffer.
|
|
.El
|
|
.Sh MISCELLANEOUS
|
|
Miscellaneous commands are as follows:
|
|
.Bl -tag -width Ds
|
|
.It Ic clock-mode Op Fl t Ar target-pane
|
|
Display a large clock.
|
|
.It Ic if-shell Ar shell-command command Op Ar command
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic if )
|
|
Execute the first
|
|
.Ar command
|
|
if
|
|
.Ar shell-command
|
|
returns success or the second
|
|
.Ar command
|
|
otherwise.
|
|
.It Ic lock-server
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic lock )
|
|
Lock each client individually by running the command specified by the
|
|
.Ic lock-command
|
|
option.
|
|
.It Ic run-shell Ar shell-command
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic run )
|
|
Execute
|
|
.Ar shell-command
|
|
in the background without creating a window.
|
|
After it finishes, any output to stdout is displayed in copy mode.
|
|
If the command doesn't return success, the exit status is also displayed.
|
|
.It Ic server-info
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic info )
|
|
Show server information and terminal details.
|
|
.El
|
|
.Sh TERMINFO EXTENSIONS
|
|
.Nm
|
|
understands some extensions to
|
|
.Xr terminfo 5 :
|
|
.Bl -tag -width Ds
|
|
.It Em Cc , Cr
|
|
Set the cursor colour.
|
|
The first takes a single string argument and is used to set the colour;
|
|
the second takes no arguments and restores the default cursor colour.
|
|
If set, a sequence such as this may be used
|
|
to change the cursor colour from inside
|
|
.Nm :
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
|
$ printf '\e033]12;red\e033\e\e'
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.It Em Cs , Csr
|
|
Change the cursor style.
|
|
If set, a sequence such as this may be used
|
|
to change the cursor to an underline:
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
|
$ printf '\e033[4 q'
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Pp
|
|
If
|
|
.Em Csr
|
|
is set, it will be used to reset the cursor style instead
|
|
of
|
|
.Em Cs .
|
|
.It Em \&Ms
|
|
This sequence can be used by
|
|
.Nm
|
|
to store the current buffer in the host terminal's selection (clipboard).
|
|
See the
|
|
.Em set-clipboard
|
|
option above and the
|
|
.Xr xterm 1
|
|
man page.
|
|
.El
|
|
.Sh FILES
|
|
.Bl -tag -width "/etc/tmux.confXXX" -compact
|
|
.It Pa ~/.tmux.conf
|
|
Default
|
|
.Nm
|
|
configuration file.
|
|
.It Pa /etc/tmux.conf
|
|
System-wide configuration file.
|
|
.El
|
|
.Sh EXAMPLES
|
|
To create a new
|
|
.Nm
|
|
session running
|
|
.Xr vi 1 :
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Dl $ tmux new-session vi
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Most commands have a shorter form, known as an alias.
|
|
For new-session, this is
|
|
.Ic new :
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Dl $ tmux new vi
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Alternatively, the shortest unambiguous form of a command is accepted.
|
|
If there are several options, they are listed:
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
|
$ tmux n
|
|
ambiguous command: n, could be: new-session, new-window, next-window
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Within an active session, a new window may be created by typing
|
|
.Ql C-b c
|
|
(Ctrl
|
|
followed by the
|
|
.Ql b
|
|
key
|
|
followed by the
|
|
.Ql c
|
|
key).
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Windows may be navigated with:
|
|
.Ql C-b 0
|
|
(to select window 0),
|
|
.Ql C-b 1
|
|
(to select window 1), and so on;
|
|
.Ql C-b n
|
|
to select the next window; and
|
|
.Ql C-b p
|
|
to select the previous window.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
A session may be detached using
|
|
.Ql C-b d
|
|
(or by an external event such as
|
|
.Xr ssh 1
|
|
disconnection) and reattached with:
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Dl $ tmux attach-session
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Typing
|
|
.Ql C-b \&?
|
|
lists the current key bindings in the current window; up and down may be used
|
|
to navigate the list or
|
|
.Ql q
|
|
to exit from it.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Commands to be run when the
|
|
.Nm
|
|
server is started may be placed in the
|
|
.Pa ~/.tmux.conf
|
|
configuration file.
|
|
Common examples include:
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Changing the default prefix key:
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
|
set-option -g prefix C-a
|
|
unbind-key C-b
|
|
bind-key C-a send-prefix
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Turning the status line off, or changing its colour:
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
|
set-option -g status off
|
|
set-option -g status-bg blue
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Setting other options, such as the default command,
|
|
or locking after 30 minutes of inactivity:
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
|
set-option -g default-command "exec /bin/ksh"
|
|
set-option -g lock-after-time 1800
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Creating new key bindings:
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
|
bind-key b set-option status
|
|
bind-key / command-prompt "split-window 'exec man %%'"
|
|
bind-key S command-prompt "new-window -n %1 'ssh %1'"
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Sh SEE ALSO
|
|
.Xr pty 4
|
|
.Sh AUTHORS
|
|
.An Nicholas Marriott Aq nicm@users.sourceforge.net
|