tmux/tmux.1

.\" $Id: tmux.1,v 1.14 2007-11-16 21:12:31 nicm Exp $
.\"
.\" Copyright (c) 2007 Nicholas Marriott <nicm@users.sourceforge.net>
.\"
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.Dd November 9, 2007
.Dt TMUX 1
.Os
.Sh NAME
.Nm tmux
.Nd "terminal multiplexer"
.Sh SYNOPSIS
.Nm tmux
.Bk -words
.Op Fl vV
.Op Fl c Ar client-tty
.Op Fl S Ar socket-path
.Op Fl s Ar session-name
.Ar command
.Op Ar arguments
.Ek
.Sh DESCRIPTION
.Nm
is a terminal multiplexer; it enables a number of terminals (or windows) to be
accessed and controlled from a single terminal.
.Pp
.Nm
runs as a server-client system. A server is created automatically when
necessary and holds a number of
.Em sessions ,
each of which may have a number of
.Em windows
linked to it. Any number of
.Em clients
may connect to a session, or the server
may be controlled by issuing commands with
.Nm .
Communication takes place through a socket, by default placed in
.Pa /tmp .
.Pp
The options are as follows:
.Bl -tag -width "XXXXXXXXXXXX"
.It Fl c Ar client-tty
Apply command to the client on the given tty.
Clients may be listed with the
.Ic list-clients
command (see below).
This option does not apply to all commands.
.It Fl S Ar socket-path
Specify an alternative path to the server socket.
The default is
.Pa /tmp/tmux-UID ,
where
.Em UID
is the uid of the user who invoked
.Nm .
.It Fl s Ar session-name
Apply command to the session named
.Ar session-name .
This option does not apply to all commands.
If it is omitted and
.Nm
is invoked from a running
.Nm
client, the session the containing client is connected to will be used;
otherwise, if only one session exists, it is chosen, or if multiple sessions
exist, an error is generated.
.It Fl v
Request verbose logging.
This option may be specified multiple times for increasing verbosity.
Log messages will be saved into
.Pa tmux-client-PID.log
and
.Pa tmux-server-PID.log
files in the current directory, where
.Em PID
is the pid of the server or client process.
.It Ar command Op Ar arguments
This specifies one of a set of commands used to control
.Nm ,
and described in the following sections.
.Pp
.El
.Sh KEY BINDINGS
.Nm
may be controlled from an attached client by using a key combination of a
prefix, 
.Ql ^B
(ctrl-B) by default, followed by a command key.
.Pp
Some of the default key bindings include:
.Pp
.Bl -tag -width Ds -compact
.It Ql d
Detach current client.
.It Ql c
Create new window.
.It Ql n
Change to next window in the current session.
.It Ql p
Change to previous window in the current session.
.It Ql l
Move to last (previously selected) window in the current session.
.It Ql \&?
List current key bindings.
.El
.Pp
A complete list may be obtained with the
.Ic list-keys
command (bound to
.Ql \&? 
by default). Key bindings may be changed with the
.Ic bind-key
and
.Ic unbind-key
commands.
.Sh COMMANDS
.Nm
supports the following commands:
.Bl -tag -width Ds
.It Xo Ic attach-session
.Op Fl d
.Xc
.D1 (alias: Ic attach )
Create a new client in the current terminal and attach it to a session.
If
.Fl d
is specified, any other clients attached to the session are detached.
.It Xo Ic bind-key
.Ar key Ar command Op Ar arguments
.Xc
.D1 (alias: Ic bind )
Bind key
.Ar key
to
.Ar command .
.It Xo Ic detach-client
.Xc
.D1 (alias: Ic detach )
Detach the current client if bound to a key, or the specified client with
.Fl c .
.It Xo Ic has-session 
.Xc
.D1 (alias: Ic has )
Report an error and exit with 1 if the specified session does not exist. If it
does exist, exit with 0.
.It Xo Ic kill-session
.Xc
Destroy the given session, closing any windows linked to it and no other
sessions, and detaching all clients attached to it.
.It Xo Ic kill-window 
.Op Fl i Ar index
.Xc
.D1 (alias: Ic killw )
Kill the current window or the window at
.Ar index ,
removing it from any sessions to which it is linked.
.It Xo Ic last-window 
.Xc
.D1 (alias: Ic last )
Select the last (previously selected) window.
.It Xo Ic link-window 
.Op Fl i Ar destination-index
.Ar source-name Ar source-index
.Xc
.D1 (alias: Ic linkw )
Link the window at
.Ar source-index
in session
.Ar source-name
into the specified session. If
.Ar destination-index
is specified and no window exists with that index, the window is linked at
that index.
If a window already exists at
.Ar destination-index ,
an error is generated.
.It Xo Ic list-clients 
.Xc
.D1 (alias: Ic lsc )
List all clients attached to the server.
.It Xo Ic list-keys 
.Xc
.D1 (alias: Ic lsk )
List all key bindings.
.It Xo Ic list-sessions 
.Xc
.D1 (alias: Ic ls )
List all sessions managed by the server.
.It Xo Ic list-windows
.Xc
.D1 (alias: Ic lsw )
List all windows.
.It Xo Ic new-session
.Op Fl d
.Op Fl s Ar session-name
.Op Fl n Ar window-name
.Op Ar command
.Xc
.D1 (alias: Ic new )
Create a new session with name
.Ar session-name .
The new session is attached to the current terminal unless
.Fl d
is given.
.Ar window-name
and
.Ar command
are the name of and command to execute in the initial window.
.It Xo Ic new-window 
.Op Fl d
.Op Fl i Ar index
.Op Fl n Ar name
.Op Ar command
.Xc
.D1 (alias: Ic neww )
Create a new window. If
.Fl d
is given, the session does not make the new window the current window.
.Ar index
and
.Ar name
are the index of the new window in the session and the name of the new window.
.Ar command
is the command to execute.
If
.Ar index
is not specified, the first free index is used.
If
.Ar command
is not specified, the default command is used.
.Pp
The
.Ev TERM
environment variable must be set to
.Dq screen
for all program running
.Em inside
.Nm .
New windows will automatically have
.Dq TERM=screen
added to their environment, but care must be taken not to reset this in shell
start-up files.
.It Xo Ic next-window
.Xc
.D1 (alias: Ic next )
Move to the next window in the session.
.It Xo Ic previous-window 
.Xc
.D1 (alias: Ic prev )
Move to the previous window in the session.
.It Xo Ic refresh-client
.Xc
.D1 (alias: Ic refresh )
Refresh the current client if bound to a key, or a single client if one given
with
.Fl c .
.It Xo Ic rename-session
.Ar new-name
.Xc
.D1 (alias: Ic rename )
Rename the session to
.Ar new-name .
.It Xo Ic rename-window
.Op Fl i Ar index
.Ar new-name
.Xc
.D1 (alias: Ic renamew )
Rename the current window, or the window at
.Ar index
if specifed, to
.Ar new-name .
.It Xo Ic select-window 
.Ar index
.Xc
.D1 (alias: Ic selectw )
Select the window at
.Ar index .
.It Xo Ic send-prefix
.Xc
Send the prefix key to a window as if it was pressed.
This is ignored unless bound to a key.
.It Xo Ic set-option
.Ar option Ar value
.Xc
.D1 (alias: Ic set )
Set an option. Possible options are:
.Bl -tag -width Ds
.It Ic prefix Ar key
Set the current prefix key.
.It Xo Ic status 
.Op Ic on | Ic off
.Xc
Show or hide the status line.
.It Ic status-fg Ar colour
Set status line foreground colour, where
.Ar colour
is one of:
.Ic black ,
.Ic red ,
.Ic green ,
.Ic yellow ,
.Ic blue ,
.Ic magenta ,
.Ic cyan ,
.Ic white
or
.Ic default .
.It Ic status-bg Ar colour
Set status line backgroun colour.
.It Xo Ic bell-action
.Op Ic any | Ic none | Ic current
.Xc
Set action on window bell.
.Ic any
means a bell in any window linked to a session causes a bell in the current
window of that session,
.Ic none
means all bells are ignored and
.Ic current
means only bell in windows other than the current window are ignored.
.It Ic default-command Ar command
Sets the command used for new windows (if not specified when the window is
created) to
.Ar command .
The default is
.Dq exec $SHELL .
.El
.It Xo Ic swap-window 
.Op Fl i Ar destination-index
.Ar source-name Ar source-index
.Xc
.D1 (alias: Ic swapw )
This is similar to
.Ic link-window ,
except the source and destination windows are swapped.
It is an error if no window exists at
.Ar destination-index .
.It Xo Ic unbind-key
.Ar key
.Xc
.D1 (alias: Ic unbind )
Unbind the key bound to
.Ar key .
.It Xo Ic unlink-window 
.Op Fl i Ar index
.Xc
.D1 (alias: Ic unlinkw )
Unlink the window at
.Ar index .
A window may be unlinked only if it is linked to multiple sessions - windows may
not be linked to no sessions.
.El
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr pty 4
.Sh AUTHORS
.An Nicholas Marriott Aq nicm@users.sourceforge.net